Earning a Technology Degree 2019

Approximately half of the reputed universities and colleges offer some kind of off campus learning course. These courses are also called distance education programs. Though being off campus or distance learning, these courses are also mainstream source of training and education. A number of well-established online colleges provide courses for a number of vigorous technology programs. Degrees or programs in Technology usually revolve around the areas of computer science and IT. These online or distance learning schools provide education in both the above mentioned subjects. The technology degrees offered by these colleges are available for every degree level such as : Associates degrees in technology, Bachelors degrees in technology, Masters degrees in technology, Doctorate degrees in technology, Certification courses in technology. To start with, an associates or bachelors degree is a good course if you are a beginner. Professionals in the IT industry usually keep updating themselves by constantly doing the latest courses and obtaining higher degrees. The online programs are of immense value to these professionals. Besides growth in the career, these courses also help in boosting confidence in the person. Kaplan University is a very widely known online school. It offers a number of comprehensive courses in the field of technology. The Associates of Science in Computer Information Systems degrees include: AAS in Computer Information Systems, AASCIS/Java, AASCIS/Networking, AASCIS/Programming, AASCIS/Web Development, AASCIS Wireless Networking. Kaplan Universitys Bachelors of Science in Information Technology degrees include: Advanced Start BS in Information Technology, BS in Information Technology, BSIT/Database, BSIT/Multimedia and Animation, BSIT/Networking, BSIT/Programming, BSIT/Web Development. These degrees cater to various jobs in the IT industry. This shows the range of jobs and degrees that are found in the technology world today. In Information technology, networking is an entirely different field totally separate from programming and software yet plays a very integral part in both. Web development is another field which is so big that it could he made into a totally separate subject. Java is just one aspect of Internet and animation courses. Database management and database security though appears similar are two different fields altogether. For those interested technology offers a vast spectrum of opportunities in earning a degree or a livelihood. West wood college online offers a variety of degrees. They are associates degree in computer networking and a Bachelors degree in computer network Management. One can earn the first degree to enter into the field of technology and later with some experience can go for the updated Bachelors program. The Bachelors program in Information systems security of the same college empowers you with the knowledge of database protection. To acquire knowledge in an area of technology, which is, totally different from the above mentioned, one can opt for Associate degree in software design. .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117:active, .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uae87458b8d019c8f50df8d25b253d117:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Associate Business Degree More Single Dads Achieving Educational Goals through University of PhoenixSome of the important online courses for the technology industry is offered by warren National University Bachelors in Electrical Engineering and Software engineering one two of them. If you are interested in Kennedy-Western, they offer a Bachelors in Technology Management. For those having an interest in the technology and business, they can opt for a Bachelors in E-business. At traditional on campus colleges it takes 2 years to earn an Associates degree and four to earn a bachelors degree. In online colleges the course duration are short. That is why many students transfer credits from former college classes into these new courses. With accelerated learning techniques it takes about a year to year and half to complete an Associates degree and about 2-3 years for a Bachelors degree. Related ArticlesAssociate of Applied Business Evening and Weekend Business DegreesFind Online Computer and Technology Degrees and ProgramsAssociate Degree in Criminal Justice 20 Months to a Better Career or Foundation for a Bachelor DegreeOnline RN to BSN Degree Become Qualified to Work as an Operating Room NurseOnline Management Degree Program Work for Multiple Companies or Become Self-Employed as a Management AnalystOnline Health Associate Degree in Health Administration Begin a Career as a Medical Records Technician .u3be59610fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u3be59610 fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9:active, .u3be59610fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u3be59610fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u3be59610fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u3be59610fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u3be59610fa10436fdfdaa89ec5c74ab9:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The American College of Health Care Administrators

Comparing and Contrasting a Magazine Advertisement with a...

Comparing and Contrasting a Magazine Advertisement with a Television Advertisement In our day to day lives we are surrounded with advertising, all be it Bill boards Television, Magazines and various other kinds of media which advertises. All of which are predominantly trying to influence us enough to get a sale of their product. Advertising surrounds us in many forms, whether we’re walking up a street and there are billboards, driving in the car and the radio is on, reading the news, finding out the gossip in our magazines, watching our favourite soap, surfing the net, and now even picking up our mobile phones and finding we are subjected to advertising. There is always a target audience which is†¦show more content†¦The sound can create an effect or a mood. Most television adverts have a variety of sounds. The camera work I feel probably has the most impact as that is what catches your eye before you take notice of anything else, especially in magazines. In magazines the camera work has to be good. It can be close up, distant, a combination of both. Pictures can be super imposed on each other. The camera work has to get your attention. On the television camera work is extensive. There are usually lots of scene changes to persuade or involve the viewer more. The camera can, pan, fix frame, zoom, tilt and even be mounted onto a moving object. Occasionally celebrity endorsements are use in adverts. If the celebrity is recognised by the viewer it is hoped that the viewer will remain attentive and listen and look at the advert. These types of adverts do not come cheap, but it makes viewers/readers think that if the product is good enough for a person of their calibre, then they should be using it, and it will make them equally as good. A comparison of the qualities TV adverts and Magazine adverts have. Magazines allow you time to browse. 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The consumer must then evaluate the alternative which is best accomplished by internet search. There is a plethora of information on line comparing and contrasting the Nintendo Wii with its competitors. The next step in the consumer buying decision is the purchase. Nintendo has on their website alternatives for purchasing their equipment. Consumers wanting to purchase new systems, games and accessoriesRead MoreSociological Theory3361 Words   |  14 PagesInteractionism and Postmodernism. In this paper I will be comparing and contrasting the Marxist, Functionalist and Postmodernist perspectives and applying them to analysing the effect of the mass med ia upon society. Is the mass media used as a way of controlling society? To begin with I will discuss what is meant by the term mass media, I will then briefly outline the principles of the three perspectives before comparing and contrasting their strengths and weaknesses. 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Summary Skills a) Note taking and note making. b) Distinguishing main and subsidiary ideas. c) Understanding

A Review of School Funding In Texas Free Essays

The article shows the various efforts that the state of Texas has implemented in order to source funds for its schools. The first laws enacted for the purpose of school funding were the Gilmer-Aikin Act which was passed in 1949. Under this law, the funds would be sourced from state and local donors. We will write a custom essay sample on A Review of School Funding In Texas or any similar topic only for you Order Now In my opinion, this is a very comprehensive law because it provided for a top to bottom reorganization of the state funding system (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). The current law right now is the â€Å"Robin Hood System† (Coalition to Invest In Texas Schools, 2004). From the name itself, the funding for schools would be sourced from the wealthy districts of Texas. The aim of this system is to ensure equity in financing the schools. Soliciting the help of the affluent states of Texas is a good way of fostering cooperation among the districts of Texas. It would help the low income districts to use their funds for other activities (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). In 2004, this system of using the revenue of wealthy districts was able to generate $1.2 billion annually which was used as budget by the Foundation Program of Finance. Putting an end to the Robin Hood System proved to be a difficult decision as the local government of Texas would have to find substitute funding in order to support the schools (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). The Robin Hood System became very controversial and was even the reason for the filing of a class suit by more than 300 school districts. The main argument of the plaintiffs was that by levying the maximum rate on property tax, it became equal to the ad valorem tax levied by the state, which violated Texas Constitution (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). The case needed three years before it was resolved. In September 2004, a decision was handed down in favor of the plaintiffs. In October 2005, the Travis County District Court ordered the Texas Legislature to resolve the unconstitutional element of the school funding system which also includes budget for facilities (Coalition to Invest In Texas Schools, 2004). The article proves the fact that funding school systems is a very sensitive issue that should be addressed by the proper authorities. Works Cited Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools. (2004). A Brief History of School Funding in Texas. Retrieved June 5, 2008 from http://www.investintexasschools.org/schoolfunding/history.php How to cite A Review of School Funding In Texas, Papers

Environmental Poetry Essay Example For Students

Environmental Poetry Essay Environmental poetry expresses emotions and Ideas about the surroundings and conditions to the readers and listeners. Three different landscapes are Illustrated. By poets of different eras, with the use of sensual imagery, sound techniques and allusions. Robert Gray presents a post apocalyptic future of the impact of cities, through the didactic poem Flames and Dangling Wire. A subjective view of the within. In contrast to both poems, Henry Kendall Bell-Birds demonstrates the beauty and comfort of nature and how powerful it is to people. Thus, the environment and surroundings of a person can be viewed differently and have been invoked In poems for centuries. Flames and Dangling Wire is an edifying poem that warns humanity of the destruction of their disposable society and the impact of city life. Robert Gray conveys a post-apocalyptic landscape that Is the future by using strong sensory Images. Visual lamasery Is on sense used through all the poem. In the second stanza, driven like stakes into the earth, is a line that makes readers question the impact of the city life. Additionally, like fingers spread and dragged through smudge, is a line that exemplifies the desperation In the need of help. Gray also uses olfactory Imagery to portray the landscape. The alarm Is personified In the line, The smell Is huge, In stanza nine. This animates the sense of smell and emphasizes the thick polluted air; along with the metaphor, A sour smoke. Robert Gray has illustrated the ugliness of city life through the use of sensual Imagery. Another way Gray illustrates the consequence of change is through the use of allusions. In his poem, he continues to compare hell and the city wreckage; in particular As in hell the devils might pick about through our souls, for vestiges. As ell as the line, for a moment he seems that demon with the long barge pole, Gray refers to Sharon, a mythological boatman of the river Styx, which links the city and hell together. Gray also alludes to the painting by Curricular The Raft of the Medusa which depicts dying, distressed survivors of a shipwreck who have resorted to cannibalism. This relates to the city and the desperation of the survivors of the human race. Through irony, Gray uses allusions to illustrate that humanity is creating the one place they are afraid of, hell. William Street by Kenneth Sellers reveals a subjective view of beauty through the SE of sound techniques and sensual Imagery. Through all the poem except the last line of each stanza, Sellers emphasizes the ugliness of William Street. The line from the third stanza exemplifies this; Smells rich and rasping, smoke and fat and fish. The line Ghosts trousers like the dangle of hung men, Is a simile that suggests that the people of William Street are so desperate for money that they are selling their loved ones clothes in pawn shops. Sellers repeats the line You find it ugly, I find it lovely, which stands out at the end of each stanza to exaggerate the fact that beauty In contrast to both poems, Henry Sandals poem Bell-birds displays that nature has a majestic beauty and magical essence that br ings comfort to a person with the use of visual imagery and sound techniques. The first line of the poem By channels of coolness the echoes are calling, uses alliteration and rhythm that portrays an echo like sound every c sound. This illustrates the quietness and calmness of the bush. Gray also personified the echoes which gives the bush a mystical nature. As well as the line They start up like fairies that follow fair weather. This simile compares the rain and sunbeams to fairies which portrays nature as magic. In the last stanza of Bell-birds Kendall differs from the rest of the poem. .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .postImageUrl , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:hover , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:visited , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:active { border:0!important; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:active , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philip Larkin"s poem, "Church Going" EssayThe poem changes from third person to first. In the first four stanzas were about the bush, changing from season to season. Though in the last stanza, a man is conversing about his memories of childhood. He says So I might keep in the city and alleys. The beauty and strength of the deep mountain valleys: Charming to slumber the pain of my losses. The man still lives in the city but his memories of the bush are powerful enough to dull his pain and bring him happiness. Sandals use of visual imagery through sound techniques illustrate the natures beauty and comfort. All the poems analyses are an environmental poem. They all illustrate a different time. Flames and Dangling Wire brings the readers to the future; William Street is the period of the Great Depression; Bells-birds is in the mans past and memories. Both Flames and Dangling Wire and William Street are city poems though one criticizing the city life; the other loves it. Bell-birds contrasts the city setting and orators the love of going back to nature. The environment was portrayed and illustrated differently through each poem by the use of strong visual imagery and igniting different senses. Flames and Dangling Wire used irony to make humanity question their lifestyle and their choices, in hope they will change the future Gray sees. A personal view of beauty was fabricated by Kenneth Sellers through contrasting his words. In contrast, Henry Kendall demonstrates the power and serenity of nature. Therefore, these poems represent how people view the environment differently.

History of the Smiley Is Emoji Marketing Here to StayHistory of the Smiley Is Emoji Marketing Here to Stay

Most people associate smileys with the Internet age, but they actually date back much further. A transcript of an 1862 speech by Abraham Lincoln contains the following description of an audience response to Lincoln’s dry humor: (applause and laughter ;). Is this the first smiley, or is it a typographical error? Nobody knows for sure. The idea of the emoticon shows up again in an 1887 essay by journalist Ambrose Bierce. In it, Bierce proposes a new punctuation mark he calls the â€Å"snigger point† – a mark that would look like â€Å"as nearly as may be, a smiling mouth.† The snigger point didn’t catch on in Bierce’s day but maybe he was just ahead of his time. While it might have taken awhile for Bierce’s original idea to gain traction, the modern smiley and all of its emoticon variants have been staples of online social culture since the 1980s, when they were used in bulletin board messaging. In fact, the very first digital smiley can be traced to a 1982 post on Carnegie Mellon University’s computer science bulletin board. The rest, as they say, is history. From Emoticons to Emojis Over time, emoticons created by using keyboard characters have taken a backseat to emojis – actual icons and pictures that are rendered on devices. Emojis were invented in 1998 by Shigetaka Kurita, who was looking for a way that users could send each other pictures while using minimal data. His idea was simple: develop a one-character code that could render an icon on another person’s device. Emojis enjoyed massive success in Japan and it became popular in the United States once Apple started making it compatible with its devices. Today, emojis are part of most people’s everyday digital communication, with one poll showing that 87 percent of people use emojis in their personal texting. It’s clear that people really like emojis. And brands have taken notice. The use of emojis in marketing has skyrocketed in recent years. In fact, the number of active messaging campaigns that used emojis jumped by over 600 percent between 2015 and 2016. There are plenty of ways to harness the power of emojis in your own marketing strategy: social channels, SMS, emails, in-app messages, push notifications and more. If you’re just starting to experiment with emoji marketing, be sure not to overdo it like Chevrolet did with their all emoji press release. Rather, limit your emoji messages to just a portion of your overall messaging and see how your customers react. It won’t take long to figure out what type of emoji messaging works best with your target audience and fits your brand identity. A Useful Addition to Your Writing Toolbox Whether you love them or hate them, emoticons and emoji have become a fixture in online content. They can be a great way to capture attention while also effectively conveying certain ideas and emotions to your target audience. Just be careful not to bombard your audience with a flood of emoji-laden messages. Rather, use a moderate approach that you scale and tweak based on your audience’s response.

Parties in India Essays

Parties in India Essays Parties in India Essay Parties in India Essay Left Democratic Front  is one of the two major alliances that dominate the political life of the  Indian  state  Kerala. This front is led by  Communist Party of India (Marxist)  (CPI(M)). Since 2006  LDF controls a majority of 99 seats  (out of a total of 140 seats) in the state legislative assembly. After the  2006 Assembly Election, veteran CPI(M) leader  V. S. Achuthanandan  is heading the LDF government in Kerala. Communist Party of India (Marxist) The  Communist Party of India (Marxist)  (abbreviated  CPI(M)  or  CPM) is a  political party  in  India. It has a strong presence in the states of  Kerala,  West Bengal  and  Tripura. As of 2010, CPI(M) is leading the state governments in these three states. The party emerged out of a split from the  Communist Party of India  in 1964. CPI(M) claimed to have 982,155 members in 2007. [2] History Split in the Communist Party of India and formation of CPI(M) CPI(M) emerged out of a division within the  Communist Party of India  (CPI). The undivided CPI had experienced a period of upsurge during the years following the  Second World War. The CPI led armed rebellions in  Telangana,  Tripura  and  Kerala. However, it soon abandoned the strategy of armed revolution in favour of working within the  parliamentary  framework. In 1950  B. T. Ranadive, the CPI general secretary and a prominent representative of the radical sector inside the party, was demoted on grounds of left-adventurism. Under the government of the  Indian National Congress  party of  Jawaharlal Nehru, independent India developed close relations and a strategic partnership with the  Soviet Union. The Soviet government consequently wished that the Indian communists moderate their criticism towards the Indian state and assume a supportive role towards the Congress governments. However, large sections of the CPI claimed that India remained a semi-feudalcountry, and that  class struggle  could not be put on the back-burner for the sake of guarding the interests of Soviet trade and foreign policy. Moreover, the Indian National Congress appeared to be generally hostile towards political competition. In 1959 the central government intervened to impose  Presidents Rule  in  Kerala, toppling theE. M. S. Namboodiripad  cabinet (the sole non-Congress state government in the country). Leadership [pic] [pic] CPI(M) leaders at the 18th party congress [pic] [pic] Harkishan Singh Surjeet  and  Jyoti Basu The current general secretary of CPI(M) is Prakash Karat. The 19th party congress of CPI(M), held in  Coimbatore  March 29-April 3, 2008 elected a Central Committee with 87 members. The Central Committee later elected a 15-member  Politburo: ? Prakash Karat ? Sitaram Yechury ? S. Ramachandran Pillai ? Buddhadeb Bhattacharya ? Manik Sarkar ? M. K. Pandhe ? Biman Bose ? Pinarayi Vijayan K. Varadarajan ? B. V. Raghavulu ? Brinda Karat ? Nirupam Sen ? Kodiyeri Balakrishnan ? Mohammad Amin The senior most member,  V. S. Achuthanandan  was removed from the Polit Bureau on July 12, 2009. The 19th congress saw the departure of the last two members of the Polit Bureau who had been on the original Polit Bureau in 1964,  Harkishen Singh Surjeet  and  Jyoti Basu. Communist Party of India The  Communist Party of India  (CPI) is a  political party  in India. In the Indian communist movement, there are different views on exactly when the Indian communist party was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by CPI is 26 December 1925. But the  Communist Party of India (Marxist), which split-off from the CPI, claims that the party was founded in 1920. The Communist Party of India was founded in  Tashkent, Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on October 17, 1920, soon after the Second Congress of the  Communist International. The founding members of the party were  M. N. Roy, Evelina Trench Roy (Roys wife),  Abani Mukherji, Rosa Fitingof (Abanis wife), Mohammad Ali (Ahmed Hasan), Mohammad Shafiq Siddiqui and  M. P. B. T. Acharya. [1][2] The CPI began efforts to build a party organisation inside India. Roy made contacts with  Anushilan  and  Jugantargroups in  Bengal. Small communist groups were formed in Bengal (led by  Muzaffar Ahmed),  Bombay  (led byS. A. Dange),  Madras  (led by  Singaravelu Chettiar),  United Provinces  (led by  Shaukat Usmani) and  Punjab  (led by  Ghulam Hussain). However, only Usmani became a CPI party member. [3 Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) From Wikipedia, the free encyclop Revolutionary Socialist Party  is a Marxist-Leninist  political party  in  India. The party was founded on March 19, 1940 and has its roots in the  Bengaliliberation movement  Anushilan Samiti  and the  Hindustan Socialist Republican Army. The party got around 0,4% of the votes and three seats in the  Lok Sabha  elections in 1999 and 2004. It is part of the state governments inA major section of the Anushilan movement had been attracted to Marxism during the 1930s, many of them studying Marxist-Leninist literature whilst serving long jail sentences. A minority section broke away from the Anushilan movement and joined the  Communist Consolidation, and later theCommunist Party of India. The majority of the Anushilan marxists did however, whilst having adopted Marxist-Leninist thinking, feel hesitant over joining the Communist Party. [3] The Anushilanites distrusted the political lines formulated by the  Communist International. They criticized the line adopted at the 6th Comintern congress of 1928 as ultra-left sectarian. The Colonial theses of the 6th Comintern congress called upon the communists to combat the national-reformist leaders and to unmask the national reformism of the  Indian National Congress  and oppose all phrases of the Swarajists, Gandhists, etc. bout passive resistance. Moreover, when Indian left-wing elements formed the  Congress Socialist Party  in 1934, the CPI branded it as  Social Fascist. [4]  When the Comintern policy swung towards  Popular Frontism  at its 1935 congress, at the time by which the majority of the Anushilan movement were adopting a marxist-leninist approach), the Anushilan marxists questioned this shift as a betrayal of the internationalist character of the Comintern and felt that the International had been reduced to an agency of Soviet foreign policy. 5]  Moreover, the Anushilan marxists opposed the notion of Socialism in One Country West Bengal,  Kerala  and  Tripura. Janata Dal (Secular The  Janata Dal (Secular)  is a  Centre-left   : ( )Indian  political party[1]  led by former  Prime Minister of India  H. D. Deve Gowda. It was formed in July 1999 by the split of  Janata Dal  party. [2][3]. It has political presence mainly in  Karnataka. In  Kerala, the party is part of the  Left Democratic Front  government. Apart from Mr. Gowda, the Party President other well known members of the party are  H. D. Kumaraswamy  (former Karnataka Chief Minister and President of the Karnataka State Unit of the JD(S), Verrendra Kumar (MP and Kerala Unit President) and H. D. Rewanna (former Union Minister). There is also a National Vice President who is second in command to Mr. Gowda (National President) and a General Secretary in the party. United Democratic Front (India United Democratic Front  (UDF) is an alliance of political parties of  Kerala  state in  India. This alliance is led by the  Indian National Congress. The last UDF government (2001-2006) was led by  Oommen Chandy. UDF lost the state government to the  Left Democratic Front  in the  Kerala Assembly Election  held in 2006. The constituents of UDF:[citation needed] 1. Indian National Congress  (INC) 2. Indian Union Muslim League  (IUML) 3. Kerala Congress (Mani)  (KCM) 4. Socialist Janata (Democratic) Party  of  M. P. Veerendra Kumar 5. Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)  (KC(B)) of  R. Balakrishna Pillai 6. Kerala Congress (Jacob)  of  T. M. Jacob 7. Janathipathya Samrakshana Samithy  (JSS) of  K. R. Gowri Amma 8. Communist Marxist Party  (CMP) of  M. V. Raghavan 9. Revolutionary Socialist Party (Baby John)  of  Shibu Baby John Indian National Congress The  Indian National Congress  (Hindi:   ) (abbreviated  INC, and also known as the  Congress party) is one of the two  major  political parties in India, the other being the  Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest  democratic  political parties in the world. [3][4][5]  The partysmodern liberal  platform is largely considered  center-left  in  Indian political spectrum. Founded in 1885 by members of the  occultist  movement  Theosophical Society[6]:  Allan Octavian Hume,  Dadabhai Naoroji,  Dinshaw Wacha,  Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee,  Surendranath Banerjee,  Monomohun Ghose,  Mahadev Govind Ranade[7]  and  William Wedderburn, the Indian National Congress became the leader of the  Indian Independence Movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants in its struggle against  British rule  in  India. After independence in 1947, it became the nations dominant  political party, led by the  Nehru-Gandhi family  for the most part; major challenges for party leadership have only recently formed. In the  2009 general elections, the Congress emerged as the single largest party in the  Lok Sabha, with 206 of its candidates getting elected to the 543-member house. Consequently, it along with a coalition of allies called the  United Progressive Alliance  (UPA), was able to gain a majority and form the government. Kerala Congress (Mani) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Kerala Congress (Mani) is a recognised state level political party in the Indian state of Kerala. It was formed in 1979, following a split from the united Kerala Congress. Its chairman is K. M. Mani and Working Chairman is P. J Joseph. Kerala Congress (Mani) is an alliance member of the United Democratic Front. In 2006 it had lost control of state government to LDF. However, in the parliamentary election UDF won and Kerala Congress acquired one seat. Jose K Mani of Kerala Congress (M) scored a thumping majority in the Lok Sabha polls wresting away Kottayam Lok Sabha Constituency from CPI (M). Recently, most of Kerala Congress J of P. J. Joseph merged with Kerala Congress (Mani). However a faction led by P. C. Thomas rebelled against this decision and split the party to form Kerala Congress (Thomas). This resulted in a rise of 3 MLA’s, which made Kerala Congress M the second largest party after INC in UDF. |Chairman |K. M. Mani MLA | |Working Chairman |P. J. Joseph MLA | |Deputy Chairman |C. F. Thomas MLA | |Vice Chairman |P. C. George MLA | Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |Kerala Congress (B) | |Chairperson |R. Balakrishna Pillai[1] | |Secretary-General |K. B. Ganesh Kumar  [1] | |Ideology |Secular SocialistDemocratic | |Alliance |United Democratic Front | |Politics of India | |Political parties | |Elections | Kerala Congress (B)  is a State level Indian political party in Kerala, formed by  R. Balakrishna Pillai, a former minister of the Government of Kerala. At present, the party has one MLA in the State  Legislative Assembly, namely  K. B. Ganesh Kumar, who has been representing the Pathanapuram constituency in  Kollam District  since 2001. The  Kerala Congress  (B)is a constituent of the Congress led  United Democratic Front(UDF). Balkrishna Pillai was elected to the  Lok Sabha  in 1971 and the State Assembley eight times since 1960. However, in the  2006 election  he was defeated by a little known opponent belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). His son K B Ganesh Kumar, a  Malayalam film  and  television actor, made his electoral debut in 2001, when he was elected from Pathanapuram. He went on to become  Transport Minister  in the A K Antony cabinet. He is currently the Vice-Chairman of the Kerala Congress (B he BJP, a predominantly Indian party, has broken through the Vindhyas and can now bloom in Kerala. On first thoughts , tough but serious planning, a strong leader, a good organisational structure and some favourable political wind can help the BJP to emerge as a strong political force here. 1. Background The BJP has generally come to power on a middle class Hindu support . In Kerala the Hindus are divided into two groups the foward Nair/Menon community and the backward Ezhava /Thiyya community. There are also significant number of Dalits. Now in order for BJP to progress it has to garner the support of these communities. The Ezhavas and SCs are the backbone of CPM, while the Nairs split between Congress and CPM. In order for BJPs rise, the BJP has to destroy the CPM ,there is no other way ! 2. Caste Consolidation The Ezhavas and Nairs are at each others throats in Kerala. Thats the reason why the minorities are running away with all the benefits, therefore the BJP has to consolidate the Hindus for this. Many attempts have been done to unite these warring communities in the past. The BJP almost managed to get the support of the largest community organisation SNDP of Ezhavas. It needs a strong emotive issue to bind them. 3. Christian Party Alliance In addition to this it needs a chrisian party because the only way the BJP can win Kerala is an alliance between the Chrisian and Hindus who together constitute for 75 % of the population of the state . For example the BJP allied with a chrisian Party in 2004 and that party won one seat in Kerala a tremendous achievment for the BJP. The upper class Hindus and Christians are very intergrated in Kerala Society the reason why such an alliance might work though happenings like Kandahamal can virtually finish off such aspirations . 3. A strong leader A strong leader is important in that a rise of any party from the grassroots needs a strong leader , Atalji for BJP , NTR for TDP, MGR for AIIADMK,Balasaheb for Shivsena, Mayawati for BSP list goes on . Therefore basically the BJP has to wait for the time when a leader rises to channel the favourable winds of BJP to votes because there is an old adage that leaders are born ,they cannot be made. Also the BJP Kerala unit needs a strong leader since it is riven with factionalism one reason why it has never won a seat in Kerala . 4 . A BJP Goverment at Centre Kerala being higly literate state it would be easy to sell them the idea of having a stake in both the major alliances at the Centre , this has been implemented in the state with the christian based Kerala Congress having factions in both ruling and opposition fronts . Also a favourable Centre would create administrative conditions to counter a negative state goverment . 5. Momentum Momentum is something undeniable in politics , it creates a wave , a river of political forces which cannot be blocked , for that BJP has to win its first seat in the state , which is tough but the BJP has won several assembly segments in LokSabha elections and has four relative strongholds in Kasargod ,Palakkad ,Thrissur and Trivandrum . and if it breaks through nothing can stop a political force from emerging . To sum up ,a strong leader , a castewise consolidation ,a good alliance partner , a favourable political wind is necessary for BJP to emerge, tough ? well thats why this is just an essay . dheeraj Posts:  143 Joined:  Thu Dec 18, 2008 4:26 pm Top Re: Statetgy for BJP in Kerala [pic]by  sreeks  on Wed Dec 24, 2008 10:08 pm You didnt mention the bitter factional divide in Kerala BJP which cripples the party more than anything. Myself consider the period between 1987 to 2000 was the Golden era of Kerala BJP. Most of those veterans made a strong framework of the party in the state are either outside the party or sidelined pathetically,whether it is K. Ramanpillai or O. Rajagopal. What is the plight of the party full timers ? How many of them are in active service now ? No doubt,our present president is the apt choice,but he need to rise up to the expectations of the ordinary fellow travelers by bringing the old hands back to the mainstream. We need to bury petty ego clashes for the nationalist causes. For lesser mortals like me,KRP,OR,CKP,PKK,all are the members of own family. sreeks Posts:  46 Joined:  Sat Nov 08, 2008 11:55 pm Top Re: Statetgy for BJP in Kerala [pic]by  balaji  on Thu Dec 25, 2008 12:04 pm BJP in Kerala can only grow at the expense of Congress not CPM. BJP should actively court the disgruntled elements in Congress and bring them to the BJP fold. Karunkaran and   |BJP History : Its Birth and Early Growth | |[pic]  Print  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | |   | |[pic] | | | | |Founder | |Ideologue | |Time-Line | | | |Bharatiya Janata Party is today the most prominent member of the family of organisations known as the Sangh Parivar. And RSS | |has always been dubbed communal, reactionary and what not by its detractors. Sanghs of swayamsevaks have of course always | |shaken off that criticism like so much water off a ducks back. They have never had any doubt that the organisation is wedded to| |national unity, national integrity, national identity and national strength through individual character and national character. | |And today this organisation is poised for a great leap forward. Even its long- time detractors think and say that now BJP is | |unstoppable. What is the story of this national epic? |History is the philosophy of nations. And the Sangh Parivar has a very clear and candid conception of Indian history. Here was a| |great civilization whose glory spread from Sri Lanka to Java and Japan and from Tibet and Mangolia to China and Siberia. While | |it weathered the storms of Huns and Shakas and Greeks it wilted before the Islamic storms of the Turks. However, a 1000-year | |resistance saw this country bloodied but unbowed. Its civilization survived through the heroic efforts of the Vijayanagar Empire| |and of Shivaji, Rana Pratap and Guru Govind Singh and countless heroes and martyrs. |

Problems and ergonomic approaches in taxi driver position Essay

Problems and ergonomic approaches in taxi driver position - Essay Example All this is possible with ergonomics. The science of ergonomics relates to the provision of health and safety conditions within a workplace. According to the International Ergonomics Association: â€Å"Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance† (IEA, 2000). The ergonomic rearrangement of appropriate aspects within a workplace can provide comfort to operators and can have a significant impact on executing several daily tasks in a more accurate and convenient way (Donald, 2007). The purpose of this assignment is to redesign the work environment, meaning the seating arrangement for a professional taxi driver based on the principles of ergonomics. If it is found that the shape of the taxi is such that the taxi driver’s seating is cramped and uncomfortable, a shift to a vehicle with a more spacious interior may also be recommended. As can be seen from Picture 1 taken of the taxi driver at work, he feels cramped and uncomfortable and this position moreover is not congenial to long hours of work with minimal movement. In fact this is the problem with most sedentary occupations. This study will explore the faults that exist within the work environment in relation to comfort or discomfort and will develop a plan of suggested interventions. Its primary aims are for the driver to minimize the symptoms of pain in the lower back that he has been experiencing, as well as to enhance comfort at work. The foundation of such a plan begins with understanding both somatic and cognitive limitations of human behaviour, in relation to their interaction with products available (Jacobs, 2008). The application of ergonomic principles supports this relationship by diminishing the present symptoms and by preventing injuries caused by repet itive movements, faulty posture and over use of body muscles. However, before attempting to apply ergonomic actions it is necessary to carefully examine the driver’s complaints and ergonomically assess the workplace in order to identify existing errors (Jacobs, 2008). Description of the Case & Associated Problems The subject is a professional taxi driver. He has been driving a taxi for five years now and works for approximately six hours per day. This profession is considered to be difficult as per occupational standards but is necessary for him, as he is studying and working at the same time. He has been complaining of low back pain since the last six months, which he suspects has originated from the uncomfortable driving posture coupled with the long hours of minimal movement on the job. The car is fitted with a manual rather than an automatic gearbox. The driver’s symptoms are reported to be a moderate pain in his lower back. However he has failed to seek treatment so far due to lack of time and his erroneous perspective that the symptoms will eventually ease with time. (Picture 1) I observed these problems when I asked the subject to sit down as he normally would in his vehicle. As can be seen from the picture, he is sitting at the wrong angle and moreover there is no lumbar support. Both of these issues are contributing to the back pain

Understanding Religious Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Understanding Religious Experience - Essay Example In this paper, the role of mystic women in different religious philosophies will be tackled as well as the basic tenets of these religions as to fully understand mysticism as a specific type of religious experience. The etymology of mysticism can be traced from its Greek roots which literally mean â€Å"to conceal.† Revels contends that mysticism is rooted from something deeper which â€Å"goes beyond the senses, intellect, and imagination,† leaving it unexplained. It provides a conscious â€Å"extemporaneous experience† of connecting with the One. Martin stated that mysticism offers a difficult to describe event that often, the mystic would describe it in a negative way (155). According to Woods, mysticism is not a religion in itself, but an essential element of a religion (20). In Catholicism for example, a person is granted sainthood if he or she has lived a holy life, follows the ideals of the Catholic Church earnestly, and has offered at least two miracles after death. Several catholic saints have experienced mysticism during their lifetime, to name a few: there is Saint Joan of Arc, who had a vision of Christ from her childhood; Sister Faustina who had a vision of the abysses of hell; and St. Nicholas, who became a popular Christmas symbol. In contrast with Woods, Professor Caird defined mysticism as an â€Å"exclusive religion† wherein the â€Å"attitude of the mind is swallowed up† in order to reach a full relation to God (qtd. in Fleming 5). The nature of mysticism is constant with that of spirituality and provides a â€Å"revolt against cold formality and religious torpor† (Woods 20). Themes of mysticism are often associated with the presence of the Supreme Being felt by the senses. Underhill quoted the mystic experience as a point of departure into the world of spirituality and â€Å"denying the world in order that it may find reality† (2). A feeling

Trovan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trovan - Essay Example Trovan of Pfizer, an unapproved drug, was administered in children at the hospital of Kano in 1996, which came to the public attention only in December 2000. Pfizer picked approximately 200 children for their clinical trial, of which 100 children were administered with Trovan whereas the other half was treated with the standard anti-meningitis drug Ceftriaxone that also acted as the control group. The children who were treated with Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin antibiotic, were given an initial dosage level of 100 mg/kg dose which was subsequently reduced to 33 mg/kg to reduce the pain caused by intramuscular injection. These children, who had reached the hospital for their treatment of meningitis, were hand-picked randomly by the doctors of Pfizer. These children were also given tags to identify the drug they received. These two batches of children continued their treatment with Trovan and Ceftriaxone for five consecutive days and were monitored either in the hospital or out-patient clinics, depending on their health. Those children who required additional care were transferred to another hospital at the expense of Pfizer. The study was concluded after four weeks and a follow-up exam was conducted by Pfizer. The results at the end of the trial conducted at Kano IDH recorded a survival rate of 94.4% at Kanos IDH against the overall survival rate in Nigeria of 90%. However, this anti-meningitis trial treatment was not devoid of mortality issues. Five children out of 100 children treated with Trovan and six out of 100 children treated with the standard drug Ceftriaxone died after the treatment. Though the follow-up conducted by the Pfizer team reported that there were no unusual side-effects, unrelated to meningitis, the children treated with Trovan did develop symptoms of arthritis, though no evidence relating the drug to this development is available. Trovan was being developed for its

Delta Modulation And Demodulation Computer Science Essay

Delta Modulation And Demodulation Computer Science Essay A modem to improve communication system performance that uses multiple modulation scheme comprising modulation technique and encoder combinations. As communication system performance and objective change, different modulation schemes may be selected. Modulation schemes may also be selected upon the communication channel scattering function estimate and the modem estimates the channel scattering function from measurements of the channels frequency (Doppler) and time (multipath) spreading characteristics. An Adaptive sigma delta modulation and demodulation technique, wherein a quantizer step size is adapted based on estimates of an input signal to the quantizer, rather than on estimates of an input signal to the modulator. A technique for digital conferencing of voice signals in systems using adaptive delta modulation (ADM) with an idle pattern of alternating 1s and 0s has been described. Based on majority logic, it permits distortion-free reception of voice of a single active subscriber by all the other subscribers in the conference. Distortion exists when more than one subscriber is active and the extent of this distortion depends upon the type of ADM algorithm that has been used. An LSI oriented system based on time sharing of a common circuit by a number of channels has been implemented and tested. This technique, with only minor changes in circuitry, handles ADM channels that have idle patterns different from alternating single 1s and 0s. This method used for noise reduction. The modulator factor does not require a large amount of data to be represented. Representation is based upon a frequency domain function having particular characteristics. A preferred embodiment of the invention incorporates transform or sub band filtered signals which are transmitted as a modulated analog representation of a local region of a video signal. The modulation factor reflects the particular characteristic. Side information specifies the modulation factor 1.2. Aim: Digital techniques to wirelessly communicate voice information. Wireless environments are inherently noisy, so the voice coding scheme chosen for such an application must be robust in the presence of bit errors. Pulse Coded Modulation (PCM) and its derivatives are commonly used in wireless consumer products for their compromise between voice quality and implementation cost. Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM) is another voice coding scheme, a mature technique that should be considered for these applications because of its bit error robustness and its low implementation cost. Bandpass modulation techniques encode information as the amplitude, fre ­quency, phase, or phase and amplitude of a sinusoidal carrier. These band ­pass modulation schemes are known by their acronyms ASK (amplitude shift keying), FSK (frequency shift keying), PSK (phase shift keying), and QAM (qua ­ternary amplitude modulation), where keying or modulation is used to indicate that a carrier signal is modified in some manner. The carrier is a sinusoidal signal that is initially devoid of any information. The purpose of the carrier is to translate essentially a baseband information signal to a frequency and wavelength that can be sent with a guided or propagating electro ­magnetic (EM) wave. Bandpass ASK is similar to baseband pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) in Chapter 2, Baseband Modulation and Demodulation, but FSK, PSK, and DM are new non-linear modulation techniques. ASK, FSK, and PSK can be readily extended to multiple level (M-ary) signaling and demodulated coherently or non-coherently. The optimum receiver for bandpass symmetrical or asymmetrical sig ­nals is the correlation receiver, which is developed for baseband signals in Chapter 2. Coherent demodulation uses a reference signal with the same frequency and phase as the received signal. No coherent demodulation of bandpass signaling may use differential encoding of the information to derive the reference signal in the correlation receiver. The observed bit error rate (BER) for a single, in a MATLAB simulation for several bandpass digital communication systems with coherent and non coherent correlation receivers is compared to the theoretical probability of bit error (Pb). Digital communication systems are subject to performance degrada ­tions with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). MATLAB simulations of bandpass communication systems are used to investigate the effect upon BER of the performance of the correlation receiver, the reduction in BER with Gray-coding of M-ary data, and binary and quaternary differential signaling. MATLAB simulations of such bandpass digital communication systems and investigations of their characteristics and performance are provided here. These simulations confirm the theoretical expectation for Pb and are the starting point for the what-ifs of bandpass digital communication system design. Finally, the constellation plot depicts the demodulated in-phase and quadra ­ture signals of complex modulation schemes in the presence of AWGN. The opti ­mum decision regions are shown, and the observed BER performance of the bandpass digital communication system can be qualitatively assessed. Delta Modulation: Delta modulation is also abbreviated as DM or Ά-modulation. It is a technique of conversion from an analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog signal. If we want to transmit the voice we use this technique. In this technique we do not give that much of importance to the quality of the voice. DM is nothing but the simplest form of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM). But there is some difference between these two techniques. In DPCM technique the successive samples are encoded into streams of n-bit data. But in delta modulation, the transmitted data is reduced to a 1-bit data stream. Main features: * The analog signal is similar as a series of segments. * To find the increase or decrease in relative amplitude, we should compare each and every segment of the approximated signal with the original analog wave. * By this comparison of original and approximated analog waves we can determine the successive bits for establishing. * only the change of information is sent, that is, only an increase or decrease of the signal amplitude from the previous sample is sent whereas a no-change condition causes the modulated signal to remain at the same 0 or 1 state of the previous sample. By using oversampling techniques in delta modulation we can get large high signal-to-noise ratio. That means the analog signal is sampled at multiple higher than the Nyquist rate. Principle In delta modulation, it quantizes the difference between the current and the previous step rather than the absolute value quantization of the input analog waveform, which is shown in fig 1. Fig. 1 Block diagram of a Ά-modulator/demodulator The quantizer of the delta modulator converts the difference between the input signal and the average of the previous steps. The quantizer is measured by a comparator with reference to 0 (in 2- level quantizer), and its output is either 1 or 0. 1 means input signal is positive and 0 means negative. It is also called as a bit-quantizer because it quantizes only one bit at a time. The output of the demodulator rises or falls because it is nothing but an Integrator circuit. If 1 received means the output raises and if 0 received means output falls. The integrator internally has a low-pass filter it self. Transfer Characteristics A signum function is followed by the delta modulator for the transfer characteristics. It quantizes only levels of two number and also for at a time only one-bit. Output signal power In delta modulation amplitude it is does not matter that there is no objection on the amplitude of the signal waveform, due to there is any fixed number of levels. In addition to, there is no limitation on the slope of the signal waveform in delta modulation. We can observe whether a slope is overload if so it can be avoided. However, in transmitted signal there is no limit to change. The signal waveform changes gradually. Bit-rate The interference is due to possibility of in either DM or PCM is due to limited bandwidth in communication channel. Because of the above reason DM and PCM operates at same bit-rate. Noise in Communication Systems Noise is probably the only topic in electronics and telecommunications with which every-one must be familiar, no matter what his or her specialization. Electrical disturbances interfere with signals, producing noise. It is ever present and limits the performance of most systems. Measuring it is very contentious almost everybody has a different method of quantifying noise and its effects. Noise may be defined, in electrical terms, as any unwanted introduction of energy tending to interfere with the proper reception and reproduction of transmitted signals. Many disturbances of an electrical nature produce noise in receivers, modifying the signal in an unwanted manner. In radio receivers, noise may produce hiss in the loudspeaker output. In television receivers snow, or confetti (colored snow) becomes superimposed on the picture. In pulse communications systems, noise may produce unwanted pulses or perhaps cancel out the wanted ones. It may cause serious mathematical errors. Noise can l imit the range of systems, for a given transmitted power. It affects the sensitivity of receivers, by placing a limit on the weakest signals that can be amplified. It may sometimes even force a reduction in the bandwidth of a system. Noise is unwanted electrical or electromagnetic energy that degrades the quality of signals and data. Noise occurs in digital and analog systems, and can affect files and communications of all types, including text, programs, images, audio, and telemetry. In a hard-wired circuit such as a telephone-line-based Internet hookup, external noise is picked up from appliances in the vicinity, from electrical transformers, from the atmosphere, and even from outer space. Normally this noise is of little or no consequence. However, during severe thunderstorms, or in locations were many electrical appliances are in use, external noise can affect communications. In an Internet hookup it slows down the data transfer rate, because the system must adjust its speed to match conditions on the line. In a voice telephone conversation, noise rarely sounds like anything other than a faint hissing or rushing. Noise is a more significant problem in wireless systems than in hard-wired systems. In general, noise originating from outside the system is inversely proportional to the frequency, and directly proportional to the wavelength. At a low frequency such as 300 kHz, atmospheric and electrical noise are much more severe than at a high frequency like 300 MHz. Noise generated inside wireless receivers, known as internal noise, is less dependent on frequency. Engineers are more concerned about internal noise at high frequencies than at low frequencies, because the less external noise there is, the more significant the internal noise becomes. Communications engineers are constantly striving to develop better ways to deal with noise. The traditional method has been to minimize the signal bandwidth to the greatest possible extent. The less spectrum space a signal occupies, the less noise is passed through the receiving circuitry. However, reducing the bandwidth limits the maximum speed of the data that can be delivered. Another, more recently developed scheme for minimizing the effects of noise is called digital signal processing (DSP). Using fiber optics, a technology far less susceptible to noise, is another approach. Sources of Noise As with all geophysical methods, a variety of noises can contaminate our seismic observations. Because we control the source of the seismic energy, we can control some types of noise. For example, if the noise is random in occurrence, such as some of the types of noise described below, we may be able to minimize its affect on our seismic observations by recording repeated sources all at the same location and averaging the result. Weve already seen the power of averaging in reducing noise in the other geophysical techniques we have looked at. Beware, however, that averaging only works if the noise is random. If it is systematic in some fashion, no amount of averaging will remove it. The noises that plague seismic observations can be lumped into three categories depending on their source.  · Uncontrolled Ground Motion This is the most obvious type of noise. Anything that causes the ground to move, other than your source, will generate noise. As you would expect, there could be a wid e variety of sources for this type of noise. These would include traffic traveling down a road, running engines and equipment, and people walking. Other sources that you might not consider include wind, aircraft, and thunder. Wind produces noise in a couple of ways but of concern here is its affect on vegetation. If you are surveying near trees, wind causes the branches of the trees to move, and this movement is transmitted through the trees and into the ground via the trees roots. Aircraft and thunder produce noise by the coupling of ground motion to the sound that we hear produced by each. Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM) Another type of DM is Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM). In which the step-size isnt fixed. The step-size becomes progressively larger when slope overload occurs. When quantization error is increasing with expensive the slope error is also reduced by ADM. By using a low pass filter this should be reduced. The basic delta modulator was studied in the experiment entitled Delta modulation. It is implemented by the arrangement shown in block diagram form in Figure Figure: Basic Delta Modulation A large step size was required when sampling those parts of the input waveform of steep slope. But a large step size worsened the granularity of the sampled signal when the waveform being sampled was changing slowly. A small step size is preferred in regions where the message has a small slope. This suggests the need for a controllable step size the control being sensitive to the slope of the sampled signal. This can be implemented by an arrangement such as is illustrated in Figure Fig: An Adaptive Delta Modulator The gain of the amplifier is adjusted in response to a control voltage from the SAMPLER, which signals the onset of slope overload. The step size is proportional to the amplifier gain. This was observed in an earlier experiment. Slope overload is indicated by a succession of output pulses of the same sign. The TIMS SAMPLER monitors the delta modulated signal, and signals when there is no change of polarity over 3 or more successive samples. The actual ADAPTIVE CONTROL signal is +2 volt under normal conditions, and rises to +4 volt when slope overload is detected. The gain of the amplifier, and hence the step size, is made proportional to this Control voltage. Provided the slope overload was only moderate the approximation will catch up with the wave being sampled. The gain will then return to normal until the sampler again falls behind. Comparison of PCM and DM When coming to comparison of Signal-to-noise ratio DM has larger value than signal-to-noise ratio of PCM. Also for an ADM signal-to-noise ratio when compared to Signal-to-noise ratio of companded PCM. Complex coders and decoders are required for powerful PCM. If to increase the resolution we require a large number of bits per sample. There are no memories in Standard PCM systems each sample value is separately encoded into a series of binary digits. An alternative, which overcomes some limitations of PCM, is to use past information in the encoding process. Delta modulation is the one way of doing to perform source coding. The signal is first quantized into discrete levels. For quantization process the step size between adjacent samples should be kept constant. From one level to an adjacent one the signal makes a transition of transmission. After the quantization operation is done, sending a zero for a negative transition and a one for a positive transition the signal transmission is achieved. We can observe from this point that the quantized signal must change at each sampling point. The transmitted bit train would be 111100010111110 for the above case. The demodulator for a delta-modulated signal is nothing but a staircase generator. To increments the staircase in positively a one should be received. For negative increments a zero should be receive. This is done by a low pass filter in general. The main thing for the delta modulation is to make the right choice of step size and sampling period. A term overloading is occurred when a signal changes randomly fast for the steps to follow. The step size and the sampling period are the important parameters. In modern consumer electronics short-range digital voice transmission is used. There are many products which uses digital techniques. Such as cordless telephones, wireless headsets (for mobile and landline telephones), baby monitors are few of the items. This digital techniques used Wirelessly communicate voice information. Due to inherent noise in wireless environments the Voice coding scheme chosen. For such an application the presence of robust bit errors must be. In the presence of bit errors Pulse Coded Modulation (PCM) and its derivatives are commonly used in wireless consumer products. This is due to their compromise between voice quality and implementation cost, but these are not robust schemes. Another important voice coding scheme is Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM). It is a mature technique for consideration for these types of applications due to its robustness in bit error and its low implementation cost. To quantize the difference between the current sample and the predicted value of the next Sample ADM is used. It uses a variable called step height which is used to adjustment of the prediction value of the next sample. For the reproduction of both slowly and rapidly changing input signals faithfully. In ADM, the representation of each sample is one bit (i.e. 1 or 0). It does not require any data framing for one-bit-per-sample stream to minimizing the workload on the host microcontroller. In any digital wireless application there should be Bit errors. In ideal environment most of the voice coding techniques are provided which are good in quality of audio signals. The main thing is to provide good audio signals in everyday environment, there may be a presence of bit errors. For different voice coding methods and input signals the traditional performance metrics (e.g. SNR) does not measure accurately in audio quality. . Mean Opinion Score (MOS) testing is the main important parameter which overcomes the limitations of other metrics by successfully in audio quality. For audio quality the MOS testing is used. It is a scale of 1 to 5 which tells the audio quality status. In there 1 represents very less (bad) speech quality and 5 represents excellent speech quality. A toll quality speech has a MOS score of 4 or higher than it. The audio quality of a traditional telephone call has same MOS value as above. The below graphs shows the relationship between MOS scores and bit errors for three of the most common voice coding schemes. Those are CVSD, ÃŽÂ ¼-law PCM, and ADPCM. A continuously Variable Slope Delta (CVSD) coding is a member of the ADM family in voice coding schemes. The below graph shows the resulted audio quality (i.e. MOS score). All three schemes explain the number of bit errors. As the no of bit errors increases the graph indicates that ADM (CVSD) sounds better than the other schemes which are also increase. In an ADM design error detection and correction typically are not used because ADM provides poor performance in the presence of bit errors. This leads to reduction in host processor workload (allowing a low-cost processor to be used). The superior noise immunity significantly reduced for wireless applications in voice coding method. The ADM is supported strongly by workload for the host processor. The following example shows the benefits of ADM for wireless applications and is demonstrated. For a complete wireless voice product this low-power design is used which includes all of the building blocks, small form-factor, including the necessary items. ADM voice codec Microcontroller RF transceiver Power supply including rechargeable battery Microphone, speaker, amplifiers, etc. Schematics, board layout files, and microcontroller code written in C. Delta modulation (DM) may be viewed as a simplified form of DPCM in which a two level (1-bit) quantizer is used in conjunction with a fixed first-order predictor. The block diagram of a DM encoder-decoder is shown below.   The dm_demo shows the use of Delta Modulation to approximate input sine wave signal and a speech signal that were sampled at 2 KHz and 44 KHz, respectively. The source code file of the MATLAB code and the out put can be viewed using MATLAB. Notice that the approximated value follows the input value much closer when the sampling rate is higher. You may test this by changing sampling frequency, fs, value for sine wave in dm_demo file. Since DM (Delta Modulator) approximate a waveform Sa(t) by a linear staircase function, the waveform Sa(t) must change slowly relative to the sampling rate. This requirement implies that waveform Sa(t) must be oversampled, i.e., at least five times the Nyquist rate. Oversampling means that the signal is sampled faster than is necessary. In the case of Delta Modulation this means that the sampling rate will be much higher than the minimum rate of twice the bandwidth. Delta Modulation requires oversampling in order to obtain an accurate prediction of the next input. Since each encoded sample contains a relatively small amount of information Delta Modulation systems require higher sampling rates than PCM systems. At any given sampling rate, two types of distortion, as shown below limit the performance of the DM encoder.   Slope overload distortion: This type of distortion is due to the use of a step size delta that is too small to follow portions of the waveform that have a steep slope. It can be reduced by increasing the step size. Granular noise: This results from using a step size that is too large too large in parts of the waveform having a small slope. Granular noise can be reduced by decreasing the step size. Even for an optimized step size, the performance of the DM encoder may still be less satisfactory. An alternative solution is to employ a variable step size that adapts itself to the short-term characteristics of the source signal. That is the step size is increased when the waveform has a step slope and decreased when the waveform has a relatively small slope. This strategy is called adaptive DM (ADM). Block Diagram Adaptive Delta Modulation for Audio Signals: While transmitting speech for e.g. telephony the transfer rate should be kept as small as possible to save bandwidth because of economic reason. For this purpose Delta Modulation, adaptive Delta modulation, Differential Pulse-Code modulation is used to compress the data. In this different kind of Delta modulations and Differential Pulse Code modulations (DPCM) were realized to compress audio data. At first the principal of compressing audio data are explained, which the modulations based on. Mathematical equations (e.g. Auto Correlation) and algorithm (LD recursion) are used to develop solutions. Based on the mathematics and principals Simulink models were implemented for the Delta modulation, Adaptive Delta modulation as well as for the adaptive Differential Pulse Code modulation. The theories were verified by applying measured signals on these models. Signal-to-noise ratio Signal-to-noise ratio (often abbreviated SNR or S/N) is an electrical engineering measurement, also used in other fields (such as scientific measurement or biological cell signaling), defined as the ratio of a signal power to the noise power corrupting the signal. A ratio higher than 1:1 indicates more signal than noise. In less technical terms, signal-to-noise ratio compares the level of a desired signal (such as music) to the level of background noise. The higher the ratio, the less obtrusive the background noise is. In engineering, signal-to-noise ratio is a term for the power ratio between a signal (meaningful information) and the background noise: where P is average power. Both signal and noise power must be measured at the same and equivalent points in a system, and within the same system bandwidth. If the signal and the noise are measured across the same impedance, then the SNR can be obtained by calculating the square of the amplitude ratio: where A is root mean square (RMS) amplitude (for example, typically, RMS voltage). Because many signals have a very wide dynamic range, SNRs are usually expressed in terms of the logarithmic decibel scale. In decibels, the SNR is, by definition, 10 times the logarithm of the power ratio: Cutoff rate For any given system of coding and decoding, there exists what is known as a cutoff rate R0, typically corresponding to an Eb/N0 about 2 dB above the Shannon capacity limit. The cutoff rate used to be thought of as the limit on practical error correction codes without an unbounded increase in processing complexity, but has been rendered largely obsolete by the more recent discovery of turbo codes. Bit error rate In digital transmission, the bit error rate or bit error ratio (BER) is the number of received binary bits that have been altered due to noise and interference, divided by the total number of transferred bits during a studied time interval. BER is a unit less performance measure, often expressed as a percentage number. As an example, assume this transmitted bit sequence: 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1, And the following received bit sequence: 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1, The BER is in these case 3 incorrect bits (underlined) divided by 10 transferred bits, resulting in a BER of 0.3 or 30%. The bit error probability pe is the expectation value of the BER. The BER can be considered as an approximate estimate of the bit error probability. The approximation is accurate for a long studied time interval and a high number of bit errors. Factors affecting the BER In a communication system, the receiver side BER may be affected by transmission channel noise, interference, distortion, bit synchronization problems, attenuation, wireless multipath fading, etc. The BER may be improved by choosing a strong signal strength (unless this causes cross-talk and more bit errors), by choosing a slow and robust modulation scheme or line coding scheme, and by applying channel coding schemes such as redundant forward error correction codes. The transmission BER is the number of detected bits that are incorrect before error correction, divided by the total number of transferred bits (including redundant error codes). The information BER, approximately equal to the decoding error probability, is the number of decoded bits that remain incorrect after the error correction, divided by the total number of decoded bits (the useful information). Normally the transmission BER is larger than the information BER. The information BER is affected by the strength of the forward error correction code. CHAPTER II Pulse-code modulation: Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent sampled analog signals, which was invented by Alec Reeves in 1937. It is the standard form for digital audio in computers and various Compact Disc and DVD formats, as well as other uses such as digital telephone systems. A PCM stream is a digital representation of an analog signal, in which the magnitude of the analogue signal is sampled regularly at uniform intervals, with each sample being quantized to the nearest value within a range of digital steps. PCM streams have two basic properties that determine their fidelity to the original analog signal: the sampling rate, which is the number of times per second that samples are taken; and the bit-depth, which determines the number of possible digital values that each sample can take. Digitization as part of the PCM process In conventional PCM, the analog signal may be processed (e.g. by amplitude compression) before being digitized. Once the signal is digitized, the PCM signal is usually subjected to further processing (e.g. digital data compression). PCM with linear quantization is known as Linear PCM (LPCM). Some forms of PCM combine signal processing with coding. Older versions of these systems applied the processing in the analog domain as part of the A/D process; newer implementations do so in the digital domain. These simple techniques have been largely rendered obsolete by modern transform-based audio compression techniques. * DPCM encodes the PCM values as differences between the current and the predicted value. An algorithm predicts the next sample based on the previous samples, and the encoder stores only the difference between this prediction and the actual value. If the prediction is reasonable, fewer bits can be used to represent the same information. For audio, this type of encoding reduces the number of bits required per sample by about 25% compared to PCM. * Adaptive DPCM (ADPCM) is a variant of DPCM that varies the size of the quantization step, to allow further reduction of the required bandwidth for a given signal-to-noise ratio. * Delta modulation is a form of DPCM which uses one bit per sample. In telephony, a standard audio signal for a single phone call is encoded as 8000 analog samples per second, of 8 bits each, giving a 64 kbit/s digital signal known as DS0. The default signal compression encoding on a DS0 is either ÃŽÂ ¼-law (mu-law) PCM (North America and Japan) or A-law PCM (Europe and most of the rest of the world). These are logarithmic compression systems where a 12 or 13-bit linear PCM sample number is mapped into an 8-bit value. This system is described by international standard G.711. An alternative proposal for a floating point representation, with 5-bit mantissa and 3-bit radix, was abandoned. Where circuit costs are high and loss of voice quality is acceptable, it sometimes makes sense to compress the voice signal even further. An ADPCM algorithm is used to map a series of 8-bit  µ-law or A-law PCM samples into a series of 4-bit ADPCM samples. In this way, the capacity of the line is doubled. The technique is detailed in the G.726 standard. Later it was found that even further compression was possible and additional standards were published. Pulse code modulation (PCM) data are transmitted as a serial bit stream of binary-coded time-division multiplexed words. When PCM is transmitted, pre modulation filtering shall be used to confine the radiated RF spectrum. These standards define pulse train structure and system design characteristics for the implementation of PCM telemetry formats. Class Distinctions and Bit-Oriented Characteristics The PCM formats are divided into two classes for reference. Serial bit stream characteristics are described below prior to frame and word orient

Education Essay -- essays research papers

Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In many different ways, American cultural life during the Jeffersonian Era began to appear as a reflection of the Republican vision of the future. The Republicans had observed many modernizing trends, some of them favorable and others detrimental to their view of an ideal society. American religion began to adjust to the spread of Enlightenment philosophies. However, one of the most notable alterations was the new emphasis placed upon education. As more and more opportunities for learning arose, the nations literary and artistic life began to digress from the European influences which had governed early colonial society for years. In many respects, the new culture was the antithesis of many Republican ideals, and the new education system fell into that category.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The foundation of the Republican conception of America was based upon a virtuous and educated population; Jefferson himself called for a â€Å"crusade against ignorance.† Unmistakably, the Republicans believed that a nationwide system of schools should be created to produce the first wave of an educated populace, which they believed was necessary to the advancement of society. Under the Republican view, all white male citizens would receive a free education. Nonetheless, they were unable to actualize that ideal. However, many of the Republican efforts to better education would in turn spur a movement later on in which an erudite society would thrive...

My Worst Nightmare

As the rain hit me like a thousand knifes, I checked my disreputable, scruffy watch for the time. I had a few more minutes until I had to be at the diminutive, quiet corner shop across from the busy train station to meet Emmy before school. The rain was starting to come down heavier so I took out my incomplete tartan umbrella and covered my reddish-brown hair. Black clouds filled the sky like poisonous fumes in the clear blue sky. I could barely see the deserted phone box ahead of me because of the intense muggy fog. I started to feel worried and nervous as I hated Emmy shouting at me every time I was late. I heard a car pull up by the side of the abandoned street a few metres ahead of me. From what I could see, the old car was blue and inside it were two men. As I innocently hurried past the tatty vehicle one of the men bellowed†¦ â€Å"Scuze me, got the time darlin'?† â€Å"Sorry, I'm in a rush, can't stop.† I replied â€Å"Jump in, I'll drive you. Where you off to?† I thought about it for a few seconds then took up the offer. â€Å"Well just around the corner then, cheers.† â€Å"Hop in then, what ya waiting for?† I didn't feel scared, although I knew it was wrong. I was fine; I just concentrated on getting to the shops in time. Time passed slowly and the traffic was diabolical. â€Å"Look guys, thanks a lot but if you don't mind I'll get out here and walk, the traffics gonna take forever† â€Å"No, we'll get you there don't worry.† I unlatched my rough seat belt and attempted to open the chipped, jammed door but it just wouldn't budge. I started to panic; the two men who seemed to be nice gentlemen had now turned into my worst nightmare. Sweat poured down my delicate face like a swiftly dripping tap. â€Å"You're staying put young lady, until I say so† said the driver sternly. I was terrified, where were they taking me? I slowly pulled out my red, run down phone and started to dial in ‘999'. I trembled with fear as I keyed in the three simple digits. â€Å"What you got there hey?† I quickly slid the phone behind my stiff back as I hesitated to answer the fully-grown, evil looking man. â€Å"Nothing, I swear, nothing† † You liar, give that to me you little brat!† I started to cry, I felt scared, I wish I'd taken the sensible way out and walked to meet Emmy. We passed the bakery; I could smell the succulent sweet, freshly cooked bread, which reminded me of home. Tears ran down my cheeks like the rain on the car window They pulled up outside a desolate warehouse, fear ripped through me like a cat tearing at a cushion. I looked around to see if I recognized where I was but I could just about focus on the horse riding stables and I knew that I was close to a local bus station. They dragged me into the warehouse like a sack of rotten potatoes. The warehouse smelt of vermin and vomit. It was dark and bloodcurdling. The walls were painted dark, repulsive green and they were covered in dirt and stains. There were only two chairs in the tiny warehouse, except for a few empty cans of beer lying around the floor. Rats scattered the cold floor for the slightest bit of food. The air was misty and smelt of damp clothes. The men tied me up to a loose, rusty radiator and started to search my pockets, they pulled out a florescent green lighter. The small man laughed in my face and dashed the lighter across the floor. I felt my heart skip a beat. The tallest man slapped me across the face, I screamed with pain and trepidation. â€Å"AAAhhhhhhhhh!† I began to aggressively cry again, the small hideous man kicked me and slammed an empty Fosters can in my eye. It hurt like hell. How long would I be here? Thos questions ran back and forth through my head like a swing. As the men headed towards the door, the tall obese man called out â€Å"there's no way of escaping!† They both sneered with joy together as they left me alone in the empty warehouse. I lent back against the freezing, brittle radiator. Tears streamed down my face. ‘How could I be so stupid?' I thought of my mum, I wanted to be with her, for her to cuddle me like I was a little kid again. â€Å"Help, can anybody here me?† I gave up, nobody could here me, and so I sat there and waited, and waited. I suddenly heard a knocking at the door. â€Å"Hello?† I was desperate to here a reply. â€Å"Help me please, I can't get up, I'm tied up† Surprising there was a voice, a friendly voice. â€Å"Just give me a minute, I'm doing all I can to get in† My heart was beating faster than the speed of light. This could be my chance to get out, to escape and be free of these daunting men. The person on the other side of the door was shaking the door and from what I could here it sounded like they were hitting the door with an axe. After 20 minutes the door finally gave way, and when it opened, standing in the doorway was a tall figure. He ran over and started to untie the ropes around my arms and legs. I stood up and stared at the man, he looked so kind and gentle. I gave him the biggest hug and insisted we got out of there as quickly as possible. The man, Mathew, drove me home. In the car it was silent, I was still in great shock and he didn't know what to say to make me feel better. When we got to my road, I thanked him and got out of the car. He watched me walk to my door to make sure I got there ok. I rang the bell, and after a few seconds my mum answered the door. It was such a relief to see her; I gave her a massive hug as tears streamed down my face. She looked at me in confusion as we went into the house. We both sat down on the leather sofa, as I began to tell her the story of my worst nightmare.

Things fall apart 5

Things fall apart 5 Polygamy in Things Fall Apart It is obvious that in reading Things Fall Apart that polygamy was alive and well in the village of Umuofia. Not only was it accepted it was expected.Men's wealth was judged by their huge barns [and their] number of wives and children. The more wives a man had, usually meant more children. If a man had several wives and many offspring, he of course had to provide for all of them, hence more land [was] needed for planting crops, and more barns for storing food. Men seemed to benefit greatly from having more than one wife, but did they really? A man was not only judged by the amount of wives, children, crops, and barns that he had, but also judged on how he ruled his women and what control he had over them.Folkestone - July 2010 - Shorts Candid with Wife T...In Things Fall Apart, the tribe was preparing for the New Yam Festival. Okonkwo had three wives at the time of the festival. As Okonkwo sat in his hut, each wife sent a dish in order of importance. Wife number one sent the first dish and so on. Not a bad set up if Okonkwo did not like what his first wife prepared, he had two more meals to fall back on. If a man's first wife did not produce the sons he longed for, he had other wives to impregnate and hope they would produce the sons he desired. In Things Fall Apart, the book seems to depict men as getting all the benefits of polygamy, or do they? What about the relationships between the wives? Do they all get along? Are they jealous of one another? Can a man really live with more than one wife in total peace? For example wife number one bears...

Tips on how to be outgoing and social

Tips on how to be outgoing and social How to become more outgoing and social student Some students face some difficulties with socializing while entering the university. It can be not easy to make new friends and reveal yourself. However, there are many useful tips which can help you become more outgoing and social student. You should just practice a lot, become more confident, and present yourself to your student community. Make the eye contact It is very important to make eye contact with the people around you while being in different social situations. Eye contact establishes the connection between people. You look can be understood as invitation. Establish eye contact and give a friendly smile. It is just perfect if the person responds, but otherwise don`t force interaction on somebody who isn`t interested in you. Being outgoing means to know where and when you should approach other people. Don`t be shy to introduce yourself Of course, it is not an easy task to introduce yourself when you are somewhere on a social meeting. You can find many people who may feel the same as you. Be the first to say â€Å"hello†. Be friendly and outgoing, but not pushy. Leave the person, if he or she is disinterested. Search for a common interest Find out which things you have in common with the person you have just got acquainted with. Talk about your mutual friends, work, interests, and hobbies. Such themes should open up further topics for your conversation. Be careful and try to avoid judgmental and offensive comments. Go on working on your existing friendships Improve your relations with people you know for a very long time. Become more connected and try to gain new experiences together. You can easily introduce each other to new people and expand the circle of acquaintances. Remember that being outgoing is a skill It can take some time to learn the skill of being outgoing. Just set a goal and work persistently on yourself. Decide what exactly challenges you. Don`t be afraid to ask some outgoing people about how they managed to achieve such success in overcoming their social phobia. Change yourself for you Don`t start your inner changes only because somebody told you to do that. It should be your own initiative. You should remember that being shy and being an introvert is quite normal. In any case you have to be yourself and behave naturally. However, if your shyness bothers you, try to do something to feel yourself more comfortable. Practice your smile A real smile produces feeling of happiness, lowers stress, and brings positive emotions and joy. If your smiling is natural, the muscles around your eyes and mouth are activated. So, practice your smiling in front of the mirror. Dress for success The way you look can help you be more outgoing and confident. Dressing expresses your personality and your feeling about yourself. If you are nervous about going somewhere just wear those things that make you feel attractive and powerful. You can easily make some compliments to the person who is wearing something you really like. Join a club and master a hobby It is a good idea to join a club and interact with people who share the same interest with you. Clubs are great for shy people as they encourage socializing and make them share their experiences. Moreover, your hobby can help you become more outgoing, confident, and proud. You can always share your interests with your new acquaintances. Try talking to new people Talk to anyone and everyone. Of course, it can be quite uncomfortable to talk with strangers, but the more you try, the easier your interaction with people will be. Be an active listener It is very important to show the person that you are engaged in the conversation. Focus on the topic, look at the person, nod, repeat central ideas, use brief expressions, don`t interrupt, and don`t plan your response.

Business Plan for EuroFlorida Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Plan for EuroFlorida - Case Study Example More and more frequently, the "grey gold" of north Europe (Scandinavia, Germany and the UK) are liquefying their assets and moving to south Europe. Their destinations are often Spain and south France. Indeed in Spain a large building industry has started up building "pensioner complexes" to cater for the market, similarly in south France, house prices are rising significantly. Smaller markets in the English-speaking Med (Gibraltar and Malta) have seen very dramatic rises in real estate value. However Apulia (the "heel" of Italy) is a relatively undiscovered region; prices are very reasonable and indeed, for a decade, Apulia was the poorest region of the (old) EU. The infrastructure, however, is excellent, with an airport at Bari, a motorway all the way to Vienna and the European net, excellent train connections within Italy and by ferry to Greece. Climatically Apulia is the second most "blessed" region of the EU, after Portugal's Algarve. Temperatures are, however, not extreme and th e landscape is lush, fertile and green. It is an area of small industry, as well as being extremely rich in culture & history. This plan sets out EuroFlorida objectives and targets for 2009 /10... The Mission and vision: EuroFlorida's contractual obligation is to be able to render Europe's finest service for promising the possession of property in addition to other assisting property business. EuroFlorida's revelation is carrying out property dealings which are unproblematic for all. In order to be able to accomplish this visualization, EuroFlorida will need to present an array of alternative selections to their clientele , this is the element that will make them capable enough to conduct a complete transaction in a way that would be most appropriate to their personal otherwise trade requirements, however be able to equalize this alongside the responsibility towards the government within the Apulia state as a major stakeholder to present a cost efficient resolution. The long term premeditated objectives: EuroFlorida's approach is looking forward towards developing as well as improving the already existing land and property. Together with initiating work over the new found property for providing services, and satisfying the needs of our clientele, along with the by and large desire of carrying out property dealings that would satisfy most of our customers. This matter to be precise will encompass carrying out sales and purchase deals, refurbishing deals, and other property deals that are included in our services. These services in total have been specified time and again within the coming pages of this paper. The management at EuroFlorida has been able to recognize the following major segments. At the same time as the customer dealing system is most likely going to be World Wide Web, the most important dare is within the supply chain.