Sunday, November 24, 2019
Parties in India Essays
Parties in India Essays Parties in India Essay Parties in India Essay Left Democratic Frontà is one of the two major alliances that dominate the political life of theà Indianà stateà Kerala. This front is led byà Communist Party of India (Marxist)à (CPI(M)). Since 2006à LDF controls a majority of 99 seatsà (out of a total of 140 seats) in the state legislative assembly. After theà 2006 Assembly Election, veteran CPI(M) leaderà V. S. Achuthanandanà is heading the LDF government in Kerala. Communist Party of India (Marxist) Theà Communist Party of India (Marxist)à (abbreviatedà CPI(M)à orà CPM) is aà political partyà inà India. It has a strong presence in the states ofà Kerala,à West Bengalà andà Tripura. As of 2010, CPI(M) is leading the state governments in these three states. The party emerged out of a split from theà Communist Party of Indiaà in 1964. CPI(M) claimed to have 982,155 members in 2007. [2] History Split in the Communist Party of India and formation of CPI(M) CPI(M) emerged out of a division within theà Communist Party of Indiaà (CPI). The undivided CPI had experienced a period of upsurge during the years following theà Second World War. The CPI led armed rebellions inà Telangana,à Tripuraà andà Kerala. However, it soon abandoned the strategy of armed revolution in favour of working within theà parliamentaryà framework. In 1950à B. T. Ranadive, the CPI general secretary and a prominent representative of the radical sector inside the party, was demoted on grounds of left-adventurism. Under the government of theà Indian National Congressà party ofà Jawaharlal Nehru, independent India developed close relations and a strategic partnership with theà Soviet Union. The Soviet government consequently wished that the Indian communists moderate their criticism towards the Indian state and assume a supportive role towards the Congress governments. However, large sections of the CPI claimed that India remained a semi-feudalcountry, and thatà class struggleà could not be put on the back-burner for the sake of guarding the interests of Soviet trade and foreign policy. Moreover, the Indian National Congress appeared to be generally hostile towards political competition. In 1959 the central government intervened to imposeà Presidents Ruleà inà Kerala, toppling theE. M. S. Namboodiripadà cabinet (the sole non-Congress state government in the country). Leadership [pic] [pic] CPI(M) leaders at the 18th party congress [pic] [pic] Harkishan Singh Surjeetà andà Jyoti Basu The current general secretary of CPI(M) is Prakash Karat. The 19th party congress of CPI(M), held inà Coimbatoreà March 29-April 3, 2008 elected a Central Committee with 87 members. The Central Committee later elected a 15-memberà Politburo: ? Prakash Karat ? Sitaram Yechury ? S. Ramachandran Pillai ? Buddhadeb Bhattacharya ? Manik Sarkar ? M. K. Pandhe ? Biman Bose ? Pinarayi Vijayan K. Varadarajan ? B. V. Raghavulu ? Brinda Karat ? Nirupam Sen ? Kodiyeri Balakrishnan ? Mohammad Amin The senior most member,à V. S. Achuthanandanà was removed from the Polit Bureau on July 12, 2009. The 19th congress saw the departure of the last two members of the Polit Bureau who had been on the original Polit Bureau in 1964,à Harkishen Singh Surjeetà andà Jyoti Basu. Communist Party of India Theà Communist Party of Indiaà (CPI) is aà political partyà in India. In the Indian communist movement, there are different views on exactly when the Indian communist party was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by CPI is 26 December 1925. But theà Communist Party of India (Marxist), which split-off from the CPI, claims that the party was founded in 1920. The Communist Party of India was founded inà Tashkent, Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on October 17, 1920, soon after the Second Congress of theà Communist International. The founding members of the party wereà M. N. Roy, Evelina Trench Roy (Roys wife),à Abani Mukherji, Rosa Fitingof (Abanis wife), Mohammad Ali (Ahmed Hasan), Mohammad Shafiq Siddiqui andà M. P. B. T. Acharya. [1][2] The CPI began efforts to build a party organisation inside India. Roy made contacts withà Anushilanà andà Jugantargroups inà Bengal. Small communist groups were formed in Bengal (led byà Muzaffar Ahmed),à Bombayà (led byS. A. Dange),à Madrasà (led byà Singaravelu Chettiar),à United Provincesà (led byà Shaukat Usmani) andà Punjabà (led byà Ghulam Hussain). However, only Usmani became a CPI party member. [3 Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) From Wikipedia, the free encyclop Revolutionary Socialist Partyà is a Marxist-Leninistà political partyà inà India. The party was founded on March 19, 1940 and has its roots in theà Bengaliliberation movementà Anushilan Samitià and theà Hindustan Socialist Republican Army. The party got around 0,4% of the votes and three seats in theà Lok Sabhaà elections in 1999 and 2004. It is part of the state governments inA major section of the Anushilan movement had been attracted to Marxism during the 1930s, many of them studying Marxist-Leninist literature whilst serving long jail sentences. A minority section broke away from the Anushilan movement and joined theà Communist Consolidation, and later theCommunist Party of India. The majority of the Anushilan marxists did however, whilst having adopted Marxist-Leninist thinking, feel hesitant over joining the Communist Party. [3] The Anushilanites distrusted the political lines formulated by theà Communist International. They criticized the line adopted at the 6th Comintern congress of 1928 as ultra-left sectarian. The Colonial theses of the 6th Comintern congress called upon the communists to combat the national-reformist leaders and to unmask the national reformism of theà Indian National Congressà and oppose all phrases of the Swarajists, Gandhists, etc. bout passive resistance. Moreover, when Indian left-wing elements formed theà Congress Socialist Partyà in 1934, the CPI branded it asà Social Fascist. [4]à When the Comintern policy swung towardsà Popular Frontismà at its 1935 congress, at the time by which the majority of the Anushilan movement were adopting a marxist-leninist approach), the Anushilan marxists questioned this shift as a betrayal of the internationalist character of the Comintern and felt that the International had been reduced to an agency of Soviet foreign policy. 5]à Moreover, the Anushilan marxists opposed the notion of Socialism in One Country West Bengal,à Keralaà andà Tripura. Janata Dal (Secular Theà Janata Dal (Secular)à is aà Centre-leftà : ( )Indianà political party[1]à led by formerà Prime Minister of Indiaà H. D. Deve Gowda. It was formed in July 1999 by the split ofà Janata Dalà party. [2][3]. It has political presence mainly inà Karnataka. Inà Kerala, the party is part of theà Left Democratic Frontà government. Apart from Mr. Gowda, the Party President other well known members of the party areà H. D. Kumaraswamyà (former Karnataka Chief Minister and President of the Karnataka State Unit of the JD(S), Verrendra Kumar (MP and Kerala Unit President) and H. D. Rewanna (former Union Minister). There is also a National Vice President who is second in command to Mr. Gowda (National President) and a General Secretary in the party. United Democratic Front (India United Democratic Frontà (UDF) is an alliance of political parties ofà Keralaà state inà India. This alliance is led by theà Indian National Congress. The last UDF government (2001-2006) was led byà Oommen Chandy. UDF lost the state government to theà Left Democratic Frontà in theà Kerala Assembly Electionà held in 2006. The constituents of UDF:[citation needed] 1. Indian National Congressà (INC) 2. Indian Union Muslim Leagueà (IUML) 3. Kerala Congress (Mani)à (KCM) 4. Socialist Janata (Democratic) Partyà ofà M. P. Veerendra Kumar 5. Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)à (KC(B)) ofà R. Balakrishna Pillai 6. Kerala Congress (Jacob)à ofà T. M. Jacob 7. Janathipathya Samrakshana Samithyà (JSS) ofà K. R. Gowri Amma 8. Communist Marxist Partyà (CMP) ofà M. V. Raghavan 9. Revolutionary Socialist Party (Baby John)à ofà Shibu Baby John Indian National Congress Theà Indian National Congressà (Hindi:à ) (abbreviatedà INC, and also known as theà Congress party) is one of the twoà majorà political parties in India, the other being theà Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldestà democraticà political parties in the world. [3][4][5]à The partysmodern liberalà platform is largely consideredà center-leftà inà Indian political spectrum. Founded in 1885 by members of theà occultistà movementà Theosophical Society[6]:à Allan Octavian Hume,à Dadabhai Naoroji,à Dinshaw Wacha,à Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee,à Surendranath Banerjee,à Monomohun Ghose,à Mahadev Govind Ranade[7]à andà William Wedderburn, the Indian National Congress became the leader of theà Indian Independence Movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants in its struggle againstà British ruleà inà India. After independence in 1947, it became the nations dominantà political party, led by theà Nehru-Gandhi familyà for the most part; major challenges for party leadership have only recently formed. In theà 2009 general elections, the Congress emerged as the single largest party in theà Lok Sabha, with 206 of its candidates getting elected to the 543-member house. Consequently, it along with a coalition of allies called theà United Progressive Allianceà (UPA), was able to gain a majority and form the government. Kerala Congress (Mani) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Kerala Congress (Mani) is a recognised state level political party in the Indian state of Kerala. It was formed in 1979, following a split from the united Kerala Congress. Its chairman is K. M. Mani and Working Chairman is P. J Joseph. Kerala Congress (Mani) is an alliance member of the United Democratic Front. In 2006 it had lost control of state government to LDF. However, in the parliamentary election UDF won and Kerala Congress acquired one seat. Jose K Mani of Kerala Congress (M) scored a thumping majority in the Lok Sabha polls wresting away Kottayam Lok Sabha Constituency from CPI (M). Recently, most of Kerala Congress J of P. J. Joseph merged with Kerala Congress (Mani). However a faction led by P. C. Thomas rebelled against this decision and split the party to form Kerala Congress (Thomas). This resulted in a rise of 3 MLAââ¬â¢s, which made Kerala Congress M the second largest party after INC in UDF. |Chairman |K. M. Mani MLA | |Working Chairman |P. J. Joseph MLA | |Deputy Chairman |C. F. Thomas MLA | |Vice Chairman |P. C. George MLA | Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |Kerala Congress (B) | |Chairperson |R. Balakrishna Pillai[1] | |Secretary-General |K. B. Ganesh Kumarà [1] | |Ideology |Secular SocialistDemocratic | |Alliance |United Democratic Front | |Politics of India | |Political parties | |Elections | Kerala Congress (B)à is a State level Indian political party in Kerala, formed byà R. Balakrishna Pillai, a former minister of the Government of Kerala. At present, the party has one MLA in the Stateà Legislative Assembly, namelyà K. B. Ganesh Kumar, who has been representing the Pathanapuram constituency inà Kollam Districtà since 2001. Theà Kerala Congressà (B)is a constituent of the Congress ledà United Democratic Front(UDF). Balkrishna Pillai was elected to theà Lok Sabhaà in 1971 and the State Assembley eight times since 1960. However, in theà 2006 electionà he was defeated by a little known opponent belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). His son K B Ganesh Kumar, aà Malayalam filmà andà television actor, made his electoral debut in 2001, when he was elected from Pathanapuram. He went on to becomeà Transport Ministerà in the A K Antony cabinet. He is currently the Vice-Chairman of the Kerala Congress (B he BJP, a predominantly Indian party, has broken through the Vindhyas and can now bloom in Kerala. On first thoughts , tough but serious planning, a strong leader, a good organisational structure and some favourable political wind can help the BJP to emerge as a strong political force here. 1. Background The BJP has generally come to power on a middle class Hindu support . In Kerala the Hindus are divided into two groups the foward Nair/Menon community and the backward Ezhava /Thiyya community. There are also significant number of Dalits. Now in order for BJP to progress it has to garner the support of these communities. The Ezhavas and SCs are the backbone of CPM, while the Nairs split between Congress and CPM. In order for BJPs rise, the BJP has to destroy the CPM ,there is no other way ! 2. Caste Consolidation The Ezhavas and Nairs are at each others throats in Kerala. Thats the reason why the minorities are running away with all the benefits, therefore the BJP has to consolidate the Hindus for this. Many attempts have been done to unite these warring communities in the past. The BJP almost managed to get the support of the largest community organisation SNDP of Ezhavas. It needs a strong emotive issue to bind them. 3. Christian Party Alliance In addition to this it needs a chrisian party because the only way the BJP can win Kerala is an alliance between the Chrisian and Hindus who together constitute for 75 % of the population of the state . For example the BJP allied with a chrisian Party in 2004 and that party won one seat in Kerala a tremendous achievment for the BJP. The upper class Hindus and Christians are very intergrated in Kerala Society the reason why such an alliance might work though happenings like Kandahamal can virtually finish off such aspirations . 3. A strong leader A strong leader is important in that a rise of any party from the grassroots needs a strong leader , Atalji for BJP , NTR for TDP, MGR for AIIADMK,Balasaheb for Shivsena, Mayawati for BSP list goes on . Therefore basically the BJP has to wait for the time when a leader rises to channel the favourable winds of BJP to votes because there is an old adage that leaders are born ,they cannot be made. Also the BJP Kerala unit needs a strong leader since it is riven with factionalism one reason why it has never won a seat in Kerala . 4 . A BJP Goverment at Centre Kerala being higly literate state it would be easy to sell them the idea of having a stake in both the major alliances at the Centre , this has been implemented in the state with the christian based Kerala Congress having factions in both ruling and opposition fronts . Also a favourable Centre would create administrative conditions to counter a negative state goverment . 5. Momentum Momentum is something undeniable in politics , it creates a wave , a river of political forces which cannot be blocked , for that BJP has to win its first seat in the state , which is tough but the BJP has won several assembly segments in LokSabha elections and has four relative strongholds in Kasargod ,Palakkad ,Thrissur and Trivandrum . and if it breaks through nothing can stop a political force from emerging . To sum up ,a strong leader , a castewise consolidation ,a good alliance partner , a favourable political wind is necessary for BJP to emerge, tough ? well thats why this is just an essay . dheeraj Posts:à 143 Joined:à Thu Dec 18, 2008 4:26 pm Top Re: Statetgy for BJP in Kerala [pic]byà sreeksà on Wed Dec 24, 2008 10:08 pm You didnt mention the bitter factional divide in Kerala BJP which cripples the party more than anything. Myself consider the period between 1987 to 2000 was the Golden era of Kerala BJP. Most of those veterans made a strong framework of the party in the state are either outside the party or sidelined pathetically,whether it is K. Ramanpillai or O. Rajagopal. What is the plight of the party full timers ? How many of them are in active service now ? No doubt,our present president is the apt choice,but he need to rise up to the expectations of the ordinary fellow travelers by bringing the old hands back to the mainstream. We need to bury petty ego clashes for the nationalist causes. For lesser mortals like me,KRP,OR,CKP,PKK,all are the members of own family. sreeks Posts:à 46 Joined:à Sat Nov 08, 2008 11:55 pm Top Re: Statetgy for BJP in Kerala [pic]byà balajià on Thu Dec 25, 2008 12:04 pm BJP in Kerala can only grow at the expense of Congress not CPM. BJP should actively court the disgruntled elements in Congress and bring them to the BJP fold. Karunkaran andà |BJP History : Its Birth and Early Growth | |[pic]à Printà à à à | |à | |[pic] | | | | |Founder | |Ideologue | |Time-Line | | | |Bharatiya Janata Party is today the most prominent member of the family of organisations known as the Sangh Parivar. And RSS | |has always been dubbed communal, reactionary and what not by its detractors. Sanghs of swayamsevaks have of course always | |shaken off that criticism like so much water off a ducks back. They have never had any doubt that the organisation is wedded to| |national unity, national integrity, national identity and national strength through individual character and national character. | |And today this organisation is poised for a great leap forward. Even its long- time detractors think and say that now BJP is | |unstoppable. What is the story of this national epic? |History is the philosophy of nations. And the Sangh Parivar has a very clear and candid conception of Indian history. Here was a| |great civilization whose glory spread from Sri Lanka to Java and Japan and from Tibet and Mangolia to China and Siberia. While | |it weathered the storms of Huns and Shakas and Greeks it wilted before the Islamic storms of the Turks. However, a 1000-year | |resistance saw this country bloodied but unbowed. Its civilization survived through the heroic efforts of the Vijayanagar Empire| |and of Shivaji, Rana Pratap and Guru Govind Singh and countless heroes and martyrs. |
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.