Comparing and Contrasting a Magazine Advertisement with a...

Comparing and Contrasting a Magazine Advertisement with a Television Advertisement In our day to day lives we are surrounded with advertising, all be it Bill boards Television, Magazines and various other kinds of media which advertises. All of which are predominantly trying to influence us enough to get a sale of their product. Advertising surrounds us in many forms, whether we’re walking up a street and there are billboards, driving in the car and the radio is on, reading the news, finding out the gossip in our magazines, watching our favourite soap, surfing the net, and now even picking up our mobile phones and finding we are subjected to advertising. There is always a target audience which is†¦show more content†¦The sound can create an effect or a mood. Most television adverts have a variety of sounds. The camera work I feel probably has the most impact as that is what catches your eye before you take notice of anything else, especially in magazines. In magazines the camera work has to be good. It can be close up, distant, a combination of both. Pictures can be super imposed on each other. The camera work has to get your attention. On the television camera work is extensive. There are usually lots of scene changes to persuade or involve the viewer more. The camera can, pan, fix frame, zoom, tilt and even be mounted onto a moving object. Occasionally celebrity endorsements are use in adverts. If the celebrity is recognised by the viewer it is hoped that the viewer will remain attentive and listen and look at the advert. These types of adverts do not come cheap, but it makes viewers/readers think that if the product is good enough for a person of their calibre, then they should be using it, and it will make them equally as good. A comparison of the qualities TV adverts and Magazine adverts have. Magazines allow you time to browse. They hold more information than a TV advert and sometimes contain free samples for specific adverts in their magazine. They are cheaper to advertise inShow MoreRelatedComparison Contrast Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pageseverywhere we look we are surrounded by advertisements whether it is television commercials, billboards or advertisements. Obviously, the main purpose of advertisements is to get the consumer to purchase the product. Print advertisements are an extremely effective way to reach a mass audience because the advertisements are in print, the use of color, text and photography are all key factors in luring the consumers in to buying their product. Advertisements cannot simply attempt to sell the productRead MoreTypes Of Advertising And Promotions1794 Words   |  8 Pagesis not going to keep the company going. The company has to use effective advertising and promoti ons to keep customers. 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Middle-aged is when you are around about 35-40 years to start with, leading up toRead MoreBrand Personlities:IBM and Apple Essay2439 Words   |  10 Pages Question attempted: Identify two brands within the same product category that project different images to the consumer. Discuss the different projected images by comparing and contrasting the two different brands. What techniques did the marketer use to create these images? How would you explain this deliberate attempt in the light of the self- concept of the buyer? Executive Summary â€Å"Products are created in factories but brands are created in the mind of the prospect.† These immortal wordsRead MoreAnalyse Nutella7993 Words   |  32 Pagesexcellent quality through our taste, and through the positive image and high prestige of our company name. Moreover, we will focus our marketing efforts on shelving Nutella in an eye-catching spot in supermarkets, as well as advertisements on the radio, television, newspapers, and magazine. 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The consumer must then evaluate the alternative which is best accomplished by internet search. There is a plethora of information on line comparing and contrasting the Nintendo Wii with its competitors. The next step in the consumer buying decision is the purchase. Nintendo has on their website alternatives for purchasing their equipment. Consumers wanting to purchase new systems, games and accessoriesRead MoreSociological Theory3361 Words   |  14 PagesInteractionism and Postmodernism. In this paper I will be comparing and contrasting the Marxist, Functionalist and Postmodernist perspectives and applying them to analysing the effect of the mass med ia upon society. Is the mass media used as a way of controlling society? To begin with I will discuss what is meant by the term mass media, I will then briefly outline the principles of the three perspectives before comparing and contrasting their strengths and weaknesses. Finally I will analyse theRead MoreInfluence of Culture on Consumer Behaviour6641 Words   |  27 Pagesof verbal, written, and pictorial communications. a) It is a relatively objective means for determining social and cultural changes have occurred in a specific society or as a way of contrasting aspects of two different societies. b) It is useful to marketers and public policy makers interested in comparing advertising claims of competitors within a specific industry, as well as for evaluating the nature of advertising claims targeted to specific audiences. . *****Use Key Term content analysisRead MoreCommunication Studies Syllabus- Caribbean Students12029 Words   |  49 Pages i) narrative/descriptive, for example, short stories, novels, journal entries; ii) expository, for example, explanations, instructions, directions; iii) argumentative/persuasive, for example, opinion pieces, advertisements, speeches. MODULE 1: GATHERING AND PROCESSING INFORMATION (cont’d) 3. Summary Skills a) Note taking and note making. b) Distinguishing main and subsidiary ideas. c) Understanding

A Review of School Funding In Texas Free Essays

The article shows the various efforts that the state of Texas has implemented in order to source funds for its schools. The first laws enacted for the purpose of school funding were the Gilmer-Aikin Act which was passed in 1949. Under this law, the funds would be sourced from state and local donors. We will write a custom essay sample on A Review of School Funding In Texas or any similar topic only for you Order Now In my opinion, this is a very comprehensive law because it provided for a top to bottom reorganization of the state funding system (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). The current law right now is the â€Å"Robin Hood System† (Coalition to Invest In Texas Schools, 2004). From the name itself, the funding for schools would be sourced from the wealthy districts of Texas. The aim of this system is to ensure equity in financing the schools. Soliciting the help of the affluent states of Texas is a good way of fostering cooperation among the districts of Texas. It would help the low income districts to use their funds for other activities (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). In 2004, this system of using the revenue of wealthy districts was able to generate $1.2 billion annually which was used as budget by the Foundation Program of Finance. Putting an end to the Robin Hood System proved to be a difficult decision as the local government of Texas would have to find substitute funding in order to support the schools (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). The Robin Hood System became very controversial and was even the reason for the filing of a class suit by more than 300 school districts. The main argument of the plaintiffs was that by levying the maximum rate on property tax, it became equal to the ad valorem tax levied by the state, which violated Texas Constitution (Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools, 2004). The case needed three years before it was resolved. In September 2004, a decision was handed down in favor of the plaintiffs. In October 2005, the Travis County District Court ordered the Texas Legislature to resolve the unconstitutional element of the school funding system which also includes budget for facilities (Coalition to Invest In Texas Schools, 2004). The article proves the fact that funding school systems is a very sensitive issue that should be addressed by the proper authorities. Works Cited Coalition to Invest in Texas Schools. (2004). A Brief History of School Funding in Texas. Retrieved June 5, 2008 from http://www.investintexasschools.org/schoolfunding/history.php How to cite A Review of School Funding In Texas, Papers

Environmental Poetry Essay Example For Students

Environmental Poetry Essay Environmental poetry expresses emotions and Ideas about the surroundings and conditions to the readers and listeners. Three different landscapes are Illustrated. By poets of different eras, with the use of sensual imagery, sound techniques and allusions. Robert Gray presents a post apocalyptic future of the impact of cities, through the didactic poem Flames and Dangling Wire. A subjective view of the within. In contrast to both poems, Henry Kendall Bell-Birds demonstrates the beauty and comfort of nature and how powerful it is to people. Thus, the environment and surroundings of a person can be viewed differently and have been invoked In poems for centuries. Flames and Dangling Wire is an edifying poem that warns humanity of the destruction of their disposable society and the impact of city life. Robert Gray conveys a post-apocalyptic landscape that Is the future by using strong sensory Images. Visual lamasery Is on sense used through all the poem. In the second stanza, driven like stakes into the earth, is a line that makes readers question the impact of the city life. Additionally, like fingers spread and dragged through smudge, is a line that exemplifies the desperation In the need of help. Gray also uses olfactory Imagery to portray the landscape. The alarm Is personified In the line, The smell Is huge, In stanza nine. This animates the sense of smell and emphasizes the thick polluted air; along with the metaphor, A sour smoke. Robert Gray has illustrated the ugliness of city life through the use of sensual Imagery. Another way Gray illustrates the consequence of change is through the use of allusions. In his poem, he continues to compare hell and the city wreckage; in particular As in hell the devils might pick about through our souls, for vestiges. As ell as the line, for a moment he seems that demon with the long barge pole, Gray refers to Sharon, a mythological boatman of the river Styx, which links the city and hell together. Gray also alludes to the painting by Curricular The Raft of the Medusa which depicts dying, distressed survivors of a shipwreck who have resorted to cannibalism. This relates to the city and the desperation of the survivors of the human race. Through irony, Gray uses allusions to illustrate that humanity is creating the one place they are afraid of, hell. William Street by Kenneth Sellers reveals a subjective view of beauty through the SE of sound techniques and sensual Imagery. Through all the poem except the last line of each stanza, Sellers emphasizes the ugliness of William Street. The line from the third stanza exemplifies this; Smells rich and rasping, smoke and fat and fish. The line Ghosts trousers like the dangle of hung men, Is a simile that suggests that the people of William Street are so desperate for money that they are selling their loved ones clothes in pawn shops. Sellers repeats the line You find it ugly, I find it lovely, which stands out at the end of each stanza to exaggerate the fact that beauty In contrast to both poems, Henry Sandals poem Bell-birds displays that nature has a majestic beauty and magical essence that br ings comfort to a person with the use of visual imagery and sound techniques. The first line of the poem By channels of coolness the echoes are calling, uses alliteration and rhythm that portrays an echo like sound every c sound. This illustrates the quietness and calmness of the bush. Gray also personified the echoes which gives the bush a mystical nature. As well as the line They start up like fairies that follow fair weather. This simile compares the rain and sunbeams to fairies which portrays nature as magic. In the last stanza of Bell-birds Kendall differs from the rest of the poem. .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .postImageUrl , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:hover , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:visited , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:active { border:0!important; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:active , .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0 .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u43b827f1213b3f4f18bba2aae62ff9f0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philip Larkin"s poem, "Church Going" EssayThe poem changes from third person to first. In the first four stanzas were about the bush, changing from season to season. Though in the last stanza, a man is conversing about his memories of childhood. He says So I might keep in the city and alleys. The beauty and strength of the deep mountain valleys: Charming to slumber the pain of my losses. The man still lives in the city but his memories of the bush are powerful enough to dull his pain and bring him happiness. Sandals use of visual imagery through sound techniques illustrate the natures beauty and comfort. All the poems analyses are an environmental poem. They all illustrate a different time. Flames and Dangling Wire brings the readers to the future; William Street is the period of the Great Depression; Bells-birds is in the mans past and memories. Both Flames and Dangling Wire and William Street are city poems though one criticizing the city life; the other loves it. Bell-birds contrasts the city setting and orators the love of going back to nature. The environment was portrayed and illustrated differently through each poem by the use of strong visual imagery and igniting different senses. Flames and Dangling Wire used irony to make humanity question their lifestyle and their choices, in hope they will change the future Gray sees. A personal view of beauty was fabricated by Kenneth Sellers through contrasting his words. In contrast, Henry Kendall demonstrates the power and serenity of nature. Therefore, these poems represent how people view the environment differently.

History of the Smiley Is Emoji Marketing Here to StayHistory of the Smiley Is Emoji Marketing Here to Stay

Most people associate smileys with the Internet age, but they actually date back much further. A transcript of an 1862 speech by Abraham Lincoln contains the following description of an audience response to Lincoln’s dry humor: (applause and laughter ;). Is this the first smiley, or is it a typographical error? Nobody knows for sure. The idea of the emoticon shows up again in an 1887 essay by journalist Ambrose Bierce. In it, Bierce proposes a new punctuation mark he calls the â€Å"snigger point† – a mark that would look like â€Å"as nearly as may be, a smiling mouth.† The snigger point didn’t catch on in Bierce’s day but maybe he was just ahead of his time. While it might have taken awhile for Bierce’s original idea to gain traction, the modern smiley and all of its emoticon variants have been staples of online social culture since the 1980s, when they were used in bulletin board messaging. In fact, the very first digital smiley can be traced to a 1982 post on Carnegie Mellon University’s computer science bulletin board. The rest, as they say, is history. From Emoticons to Emojis Over time, emoticons created by using keyboard characters have taken a backseat to emojis – actual icons and pictures that are rendered on devices. Emojis were invented in 1998 by Shigetaka Kurita, who was looking for a way that users could send each other pictures while using minimal data. His idea was simple: develop a one-character code that could render an icon on another person’s device. Emojis enjoyed massive success in Japan and it became popular in the United States once Apple started making it compatible with its devices. Today, emojis are part of most people’s everyday digital communication, with one poll showing that 87 percent of people use emojis in their personal texting. It’s clear that people really like emojis. And brands have taken notice. The use of emojis in marketing has skyrocketed in recent years. In fact, the number of active messaging campaigns that used emojis jumped by over 600 percent between 2015 and 2016. There are plenty of ways to harness the power of emojis in your own marketing strategy: social channels, SMS, emails, in-app messages, push notifications and more. If you’re just starting to experiment with emoji marketing, be sure not to overdo it like Chevrolet did with their all emoji press release. Rather, limit your emoji messages to just a portion of your overall messaging and see how your customers react. It won’t take long to figure out what type of emoji messaging works best with your target audience and fits your brand identity. A Useful Addition to Your Writing Toolbox Whether you love them or hate them, emoticons and emoji have become a fixture in online content. They can be a great way to capture attention while also effectively conveying certain ideas and emotions to your target audience. Just be careful not to bombard your audience with a flood of emoji-laden messages. Rather, use a moderate approach that you scale and tweak based on your audience’s response.

Parties in India Essays

Parties in India Essays Parties in India Essay Parties in India Essay Left Democratic Front  is one of the two major alliances that dominate the political life of the  Indian  state  Kerala. This front is led by  Communist Party of India (Marxist)  (CPI(M)). Since 2006  LDF controls a majority of 99 seats  (out of a total of 140 seats) in the state legislative assembly. After the  2006 Assembly Election, veteran CPI(M) leader  V. S. Achuthanandan  is heading the LDF government in Kerala. Communist Party of India (Marxist) The  Communist Party of India (Marxist)  (abbreviated  CPI(M)  or  CPM) is a  political party  in  India. It has a strong presence in the states of  Kerala,  West Bengal  and  Tripura. As of 2010, CPI(M) is leading the state governments in these three states. The party emerged out of a split from the  Communist Party of India  in 1964. CPI(M) claimed to have 982,155 members in 2007. [2] History Split in the Communist Party of India and formation of CPI(M) CPI(M) emerged out of a division within the  Communist Party of India  (CPI). The undivided CPI had experienced a period of upsurge during the years following the  Second World War. The CPI led armed rebellions in  Telangana,  Tripura  and  Kerala. However, it soon abandoned the strategy of armed revolution in favour of working within the  parliamentary  framework. In 1950  B. T. Ranadive, the CPI general secretary and a prominent representative of the radical sector inside the party, was demoted on grounds of left-adventurism. Under the government of the  Indian National Congress  party of  Jawaharlal Nehru, independent India developed close relations and a strategic partnership with the  Soviet Union. The Soviet government consequently wished that the Indian communists moderate their criticism towards the Indian state and assume a supportive role towards the Congress governments. However, large sections of the CPI claimed that India remained a semi-feudalcountry, and that  class struggle  could not be put on the back-burner for the sake of guarding the interests of Soviet trade and foreign policy. Moreover, the Indian National Congress appeared to be generally hostile towards political competition. In 1959 the central government intervened to impose  Presidents Rule  in  Kerala, toppling theE. M. S. Namboodiripad  cabinet (the sole non-Congress state government in the country). Leadership [pic] [pic] CPI(M) leaders at the 18th party congress [pic] [pic] Harkishan Singh Surjeet  and  Jyoti Basu The current general secretary of CPI(M) is Prakash Karat. The 19th party congress of CPI(M), held in  Coimbatore  March 29-April 3, 2008 elected a Central Committee with 87 members. The Central Committee later elected a 15-member  Politburo: ? Prakash Karat ? Sitaram Yechury ? S. Ramachandran Pillai ? Buddhadeb Bhattacharya ? Manik Sarkar ? M. K. Pandhe ? Biman Bose ? Pinarayi Vijayan K. Varadarajan ? B. V. Raghavulu ? Brinda Karat ? Nirupam Sen ? Kodiyeri Balakrishnan ? Mohammad Amin The senior most member,  V. S. Achuthanandan  was removed from the Polit Bureau on July 12, 2009. The 19th congress saw the departure of the last two members of the Polit Bureau who had been on the original Polit Bureau in 1964,  Harkishen Singh Surjeet  and  Jyoti Basu. Communist Party of India The  Communist Party of India  (CPI) is a  political party  in India. In the Indian communist movement, there are different views on exactly when the Indian communist party was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by CPI is 26 December 1925. But the  Communist Party of India (Marxist), which split-off from the CPI, claims that the party was founded in 1920. The Communist Party of India was founded in  Tashkent, Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on October 17, 1920, soon after the Second Congress of the  Communist International. The founding members of the party were  M. N. Roy, Evelina Trench Roy (Roys wife),  Abani Mukherji, Rosa Fitingof (Abanis wife), Mohammad Ali (Ahmed Hasan), Mohammad Shafiq Siddiqui and  M. P. B. T. Acharya. [1][2] The CPI began efforts to build a party organisation inside India. Roy made contacts with  Anushilan  and  Jugantargroups in  Bengal. Small communist groups were formed in Bengal (led by  Muzaffar Ahmed),  Bombay  (led byS. A. Dange),  Madras  (led by  Singaravelu Chettiar),  United Provinces  (led by  Shaukat Usmani) and  Punjab  (led by  Ghulam Hussain). However, only Usmani became a CPI party member. [3 Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) From Wikipedia, the free encyclop Revolutionary Socialist Party  is a Marxist-Leninist  political party  in  India. The party was founded on March 19, 1940 and has its roots in the  Bengaliliberation movement  Anushilan Samiti  and the  Hindustan Socialist Republican Army. The party got around 0,4% of the votes and three seats in the  Lok Sabha  elections in 1999 and 2004. It is part of the state governments inA major section of the Anushilan movement had been attracted to Marxism during the 1930s, many of them studying Marxist-Leninist literature whilst serving long jail sentences. A minority section broke away from the Anushilan movement and joined the  Communist Consolidation, and later theCommunist Party of India. The majority of the Anushilan marxists did however, whilst having adopted Marxist-Leninist thinking, feel hesitant over joining the Communist Party. [3] The Anushilanites distrusted the political lines formulated by the  Communist International. They criticized the line adopted at the 6th Comintern congress of 1928 as ultra-left sectarian. The Colonial theses of the 6th Comintern congress called upon the communists to combat the national-reformist leaders and to unmask the national reformism of the  Indian National Congress  and oppose all phrases of the Swarajists, Gandhists, etc. bout passive resistance. Moreover, when Indian left-wing elements formed the  Congress Socialist Party  in 1934, the CPI branded it as  Social Fascist. [4]  When the Comintern policy swung towards  Popular Frontism  at its 1935 congress, at the time by which the majority of the Anushilan movement were adopting a marxist-leninist approach), the Anushilan marxists questioned this shift as a betrayal of the internationalist character of the Comintern and felt that the International had been reduced to an agency of Soviet foreign policy. 5]  Moreover, the Anushilan marxists opposed the notion of Socialism in One Country West Bengal,  Kerala  and  Tripura. Janata Dal (Secular The  Janata Dal (Secular)  is a  Centre-left   : ( )Indian  political party[1]  led by former  Prime Minister of India  H. D. Deve Gowda. It was formed in July 1999 by the split of  Janata Dal  party. [2][3]. It has political presence mainly in  Karnataka. In  Kerala, the party is part of the  Left Democratic Front  government. Apart from Mr. Gowda, the Party President other well known members of the party are  H. D. Kumaraswamy  (former Karnataka Chief Minister and President of the Karnataka State Unit of the JD(S), Verrendra Kumar (MP and Kerala Unit President) and H. D. Rewanna (former Union Minister). There is also a National Vice President who is second in command to Mr. Gowda (National President) and a General Secretary in the party. United Democratic Front (India United Democratic Front  (UDF) is an alliance of political parties of  Kerala  state in  India. This alliance is led by the  Indian National Congress. The last UDF government (2001-2006) was led by  Oommen Chandy. UDF lost the state government to the  Left Democratic Front  in the  Kerala Assembly Election  held in 2006. The constituents of UDF:[citation needed] 1. Indian National Congress  (INC) 2. Indian Union Muslim League  (IUML) 3. Kerala Congress (Mani)  (KCM) 4. Socialist Janata (Democratic) Party  of  M. P. Veerendra Kumar 5. Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)  (KC(B)) of  R. Balakrishna Pillai 6. Kerala Congress (Jacob)  of  T. M. Jacob 7. Janathipathya Samrakshana Samithy  (JSS) of  K. R. Gowri Amma 8. Communist Marxist Party  (CMP) of  M. V. Raghavan 9. Revolutionary Socialist Party (Baby John)  of  Shibu Baby John Indian National Congress The  Indian National Congress  (Hindi:   ) (abbreviated  INC, and also known as the  Congress party) is one of the two  major  political parties in India, the other being the  Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest  democratic  political parties in the world. [3][4][5]  The partysmodern liberal  platform is largely considered  center-left  in  Indian political spectrum. Founded in 1885 by members of the  occultist  movement  Theosophical Society[6]:  Allan Octavian Hume,  Dadabhai Naoroji,  Dinshaw Wacha,  Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee,  Surendranath Banerjee,  Monomohun Ghose,  Mahadev Govind Ranade[7]  and  William Wedderburn, the Indian National Congress became the leader of the  Indian Independence Movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants in its struggle against  British rule  in  India. After independence in 1947, it became the nations dominant  political party, led by the  Nehru-Gandhi family  for the most part; major challenges for party leadership have only recently formed. In the  2009 general elections, the Congress emerged as the single largest party in the  Lok Sabha, with 206 of its candidates getting elected to the 543-member house. Consequently, it along with a coalition of allies called the  United Progressive Alliance  (UPA), was able to gain a majority and form the government. Kerala Congress (Mani) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Kerala Congress (Mani) is a recognised state level political party in the Indian state of Kerala. It was formed in 1979, following a split from the united Kerala Congress. Its chairman is K. M. Mani and Working Chairman is P. J Joseph. Kerala Congress (Mani) is an alliance member of the United Democratic Front. In 2006 it had lost control of state government to LDF. However, in the parliamentary election UDF won and Kerala Congress acquired one seat. Jose K Mani of Kerala Congress (M) scored a thumping majority in the Lok Sabha polls wresting away Kottayam Lok Sabha Constituency from CPI (M). Recently, most of Kerala Congress J of P. J. Joseph merged with Kerala Congress (Mani). However a faction led by P. C. Thomas rebelled against this decision and split the party to form Kerala Congress (Thomas). This resulted in a rise of 3 MLA’s, which made Kerala Congress M the second largest party after INC in UDF. |Chairman |K. M. Mani MLA | |Working Chairman |P. J. Joseph MLA | |Deputy Chairman |C. F. Thomas MLA | |Vice Chairman |P. C. George MLA | Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |Kerala Congress (B) | |Chairperson |R. Balakrishna Pillai[1] | |Secretary-General |K. B. Ganesh Kumar  [1] | |Ideology |Secular SocialistDemocratic | |Alliance |United Democratic Front | |Politics of India | |Political parties | |Elections | Kerala Congress (B)  is a State level Indian political party in Kerala, formed by  R. Balakrishna Pillai, a former minister of the Government of Kerala. At present, the party has one MLA in the State  Legislative Assembly, namely  K. B. Ganesh Kumar, who has been representing the Pathanapuram constituency in  Kollam District  since 2001. The  Kerala Congress  (B)is a constituent of the Congress led  United Democratic Front(UDF). Balkrishna Pillai was elected to the  Lok Sabha  in 1971 and the State Assembley eight times since 1960. However, in the  2006 election  he was defeated by a little known opponent belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). His son K B Ganesh Kumar, a  Malayalam film  and  television actor, made his electoral debut in 2001, when he was elected from Pathanapuram. He went on to become  Transport Minister  in the A K Antony cabinet. He is currently the Vice-Chairman of the Kerala Congress (B he BJP, a predominantly Indian party, has broken through the Vindhyas and can now bloom in Kerala. On first thoughts , tough but serious planning, a strong leader, a good organisational structure and some favourable political wind can help the BJP to emerge as a strong political force here. 1. Background The BJP has generally come to power on a middle class Hindu support . In Kerala the Hindus are divided into two groups the foward Nair/Menon community and the backward Ezhava /Thiyya community. There are also significant number of Dalits. Now in order for BJP to progress it has to garner the support of these communities. The Ezhavas and SCs are the backbone of CPM, while the Nairs split between Congress and CPM. In order for BJPs rise, the BJP has to destroy the CPM ,there is no other way ! 2. Caste Consolidation The Ezhavas and Nairs are at each others throats in Kerala. Thats the reason why the minorities are running away with all the benefits, therefore the BJP has to consolidate the Hindus for this. Many attempts have been done to unite these warring communities in the past. The BJP almost managed to get the support of the largest community organisation SNDP of Ezhavas. It needs a strong emotive issue to bind them. 3. Christian Party Alliance In addition to this it needs a chrisian party because the only way the BJP can win Kerala is an alliance between the Chrisian and Hindus who together constitute for 75 % of the population of the state . For example the BJP allied with a chrisian Party in 2004 and that party won one seat in Kerala a tremendous achievment for the BJP. The upper class Hindus and Christians are very intergrated in Kerala Society the reason why such an alliance might work though happenings like Kandahamal can virtually finish off such aspirations . 3. A strong leader A strong leader is important in that a rise of any party from the grassroots needs a strong leader , Atalji for BJP , NTR for TDP, MGR for AIIADMK,Balasaheb for Shivsena, Mayawati for BSP list goes on . Therefore basically the BJP has to wait for the time when a leader rises to channel the favourable winds of BJP to votes because there is an old adage that leaders are born ,they cannot be made. Also the BJP Kerala unit needs a strong leader since it is riven with factionalism one reason why it has never won a seat in Kerala . 4 . A BJP Goverment at Centre Kerala being higly literate state it would be easy to sell them the idea of having a stake in both the major alliances at the Centre , this has been implemented in the state with the christian based Kerala Congress having factions in both ruling and opposition fronts . Also a favourable Centre would create administrative conditions to counter a negative state goverment . 5. Momentum Momentum is something undeniable in politics , it creates a wave , a river of political forces which cannot be blocked , for that BJP has to win its first seat in the state , which is tough but the BJP has won several assembly segments in LokSabha elections and has four relative strongholds in Kasargod ,Palakkad ,Thrissur and Trivandrum . and if it breaks through nothing can stop a political force from emerging . To sum up ,a strong leader , a castewise consolidation ,a good alliance partner , a favourable political wind is necessary for BJP to emerge, tough ? well thats why this is just an essay . dheeraj Posts:  143 Joined:  Thu Dec 18, 2008 4:26 pm Top Re: Statetgy for BJP in Kerala [pic]by  sreeks  on Wed Dec 24, 2008 10:08 pm You didnt mention the bitter factional divide in Kerala BJP which cripples the party more than anything. Myself consider the period between 1987 to 2000 was the Golden era of Kerala BJP. Most of those veterans made a strong framework of the party in the state are either outside the party or sidelined pathetically,whether it is K. Ramanpillai or O. Rajagopal. What is the plight of the party full timers ? How many of them are in active service now ? No doubt,our present president is the apt choice,but he need to rise up to the expectations of the ordinary fellow travelers by bringing the old hands back to the mainstream. We need to bury petty ego clashes for the nationalist causes. For lesser mortals like me,KRP,OR,CKP,PKK,all are the members of own family. sreeks Posts:  46 Joined:  Sat Nov 08, 2008 11:55 pm Top Re: Statetgy for BJP in Kerala [pic]by  balaji  on Thu Dec 25, 2008 12:04 pm BJP in Kerala can only grow at the expense of Congress not CPM. BJP should actively court the disgruntled elements in Congress and bring them to the BJP fold. Karunkaran and   |BJP History : Its Birth and Early Growth | |[pic]  Print  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | |   | |[pic] | | | | |Founder | |Ideologue | |Time-Line | | | |Bharatiya Janata Party is today the most prominent member of the family of organisations known as the Sangh Parivar. And RSS | |has always been dubbed communal, reactionary and what not by its detractors. Sanghs of swayamsevaks have of course always | |shaken off that criticism like so much water off a ducks back. They have never had any doubt that the organisation is wedded to| |national unity, national integrity, national identity and national strength through individual character and national character. | |And today this organisation is poised for a great leap forward. Even its long- time detractors think and say that now BJP is | |unstoppable. What is the story of this national epic? |History is the philosophy of nations. And the Sangh Parivar has a very clear and candid conception of Indian history. Here was a| |great civilization whose glory spread from Sri Lanka to Java and Japan and from Tibet and Mangolia to China and Siberia. While | |it weathered the storms of Huns and Shakas and Greeks it wilted before the Islamic storms of the Turks. However, a 1000-year | |resistance saw this country bloodied but unbowed. Its civilization survived through the heroic efforts of the Vijayanagar Empire| |and of Shivaji, Rana Pratap and Guru Govind Singh and countless heroes and martyrs. |

Problems and ergonomic approaches in taxi driver position Essay

Problems and ergonomic approaches in taxi driver position - Essay Example All this is possible with ergonomics. The science of ergonomics relates to the provision of health and safety conditions within a workplace. According to the International Ergonomics Association: â€Å"Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance† (IEA, 2000). The ergonomic rearrangement of appropriate aspects within a workplace can provide comfort to operators and can have a significant impact on executing several daily tasks in a more accurate and convenient way (Donald, 2007). The purpose of this assignment is to redesign the work environment, meaning the seating arrangement for a professional taxi driver based on the principles of ergonomics. If it is found that the shape of the taxi is such that the taxi driver’s seating is cramped and uncomfortable, a shift to a vehicle with a more spacious interior may also be recommended. As can be seen from Picture 1 taken of the taxi driver at work, he feels cramped and uncomfortable and this position moreover is not congenial to long hours of work with minimal movement. In fact this is the problem with most sedentary occupations. This study will explore the faults that exist within the work environment in relation to comfort or discomfort and will develop a plan of suggested interventions. Its primary aims are for the driver to minimize the symptoms of pain in the lower back that he has been experiencing, as well as to enhance comfort at work. The foundation of such a plan begins with understanding both somatic and cognitive limitations of human behaviour, in relation to their interaction with products available (Jacobs, 2008). The application of ergonomic principles supports this relationship by diminishing the present symptoms and by preventing injuries caused by repet itive movements, faulty posture and over use of body muscles. However, before attempting to apply ergonomic actions it is necessary to carefully examine the driver’s complaints and ergonomically assess the workplace in order to identify existing errors (Jacobs, 2008). Description of the Case & Associated Problems The subject is a professional taxi driver. He has been driving a taxi for five years now and works for approximately six hours per day. This profession is considered to be difficult as per occupational standards but is necessary for him, as he is studying and working at the same time. He has been complaining of low back pain since the last six months, which he suspects has originated from the uncomfortable driving posture coupled with the long hours of minimal movement on the job. The car is fitted with a manual rather than an automatic gearbox. The driver’s symptoms are reported to be a moderate pain in his lower back. However he has failed to seek treatment so far due to lack of time and his erroneous perspective that the symptoms will eventually ease with time. (Picture 1) I observed these problems when I asked the subject to sit down as he normally would in his vehicle. As can be seen from the picture, he is sitting at the wrong angle and moreover there is no lumbar support. Both of these issues are contributing to the back pain

Understanding Religious Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Understanding Religious Experience - Essay Example In this paper, the role of mystic women in different religious philosophies will be tackled as well as the basic tenets of these religions as to fully understand mysticism as a specific type of religious experience. The etymology of mysticism can be traced from its Greek roots which literally mean â€Å"to conceal.† Revels contends that mysticism is rooted from something deeper which â€Å"goes beyond the senses, intellect, and imagination,† leaving it unexplained. It provides a conscious â€Å"extemporaneous experience† of connecting with the One. Martin stated that mysticism offers a difficult to describe event that often, the mystic would describe it in a negative way (155). According to Woods, mysticism is not a religion in itself, but an essential element of a religion (20). In Catholicism for example, a person is granted sainthood if he or she has lived a holy life, follows the ideals of the Catholic Church earnestly, and has offered at least two miracles after death. Several catholic saints have experienced mysticism during their lifetime, to name a few: there is Saint Joan of Arc, who had a vision of Christ from her childhood; Sister Faustina who had a vision of the abysses of hell; and St. Nicholas, who became a popular Christmas symbol. In contrast with Woods, Professor Caird defined mysticism as an â€Å"exclusive religion† wherein the â€Å"attitude of the mind is swallowed up† in order to reach a full relation to God (qtd. in Fleming 5). The nature of mysticism is constant with that of spirituality and provides a â€Å"revolt against cold formality and religious torpor† (Woods 20). Themes of mysticism are often associated with the presence of the Supreme Being felt by the senses. Underhill quoted the mystic experience as a point of departure into the world of spirituality and â€Å"denying the world in order that it may find reality† (2). A feeling